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ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE PATTERN OF MICROORGANISMS ISOLATED FROM INDUSTRIAL WASTE DUMPSITE IN IBADAN, OYO STATE.

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Table of contents

 

CHAPTER ONE                                                                                                         1 

1.1       INTRODUCTION                                                                                          1 

1.2       AIM OF THE STUDY                                                                                   3 

1.3       OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY                                                                   3 

CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW                                                            4 

2.1       Industrial Wastes                                                                                            4 

2.2       Sources of Industrial Wastes                                                                          7 

2.2.1    Liquid Wastes in Industry                                                                              7 

2.2.2    Solid Wastes in Industry                                                                                 8 

2.3       Ground and Surface Water Contamination by Industrial Waste                        10        

2.4       Historical Perspective on Antimicrobial Resistance                                      11 

2.5       Antimicrobial Resistance in the Environment                                               14        

2.6       The Burden of Antimicrobial Resistance                                                       15 

CHAPTER THREE: MATERIALS AND METHODS                                             17 

3.1       Study area                                                                                                       17 

3.2       Collection of samples                                                                                     17 

3.3       Sterilization of Glassware                                                                              17 

3.4       Isolation and Characterisation of Organisms                                                 17 

3.5       Morphological Characterization                                                                    18 

3.5.1    Gram staining                                                                                                 18        

3.6       Biochemical Tests                                                                                          18        

3.6.1    Indole production test                                                                                     18 

3.6.2    Coagulase test                                                                                                 19 

3.6.3    Catalase test                                                                                                    19 

3.6.4    Oxidase test                                                                                                    19 

3.6.5    Citrate utilization test                                                                                     19 

3.6.6    Urease Test                                                                                                     20 

3.7       Antimicrobial Resistance Testing                                                                  20 

3.8       Determination of Multiple Antibiotic Resistances                                        20 

CHAPTER FOUR: RESULTS                                                                                   21 

CHAPTER FIVE: DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION                                          31 

5.1       Discussion                                                                                                       31 

5.2       Conclusion                                                                                                      32 

REFERENCES                                                                                                           34 

LIST OF TABLES 

Table Title                                                                                                                            Page 

2.1       Compilation of the sources and types of waste                                                          9 

4.1       Morphological and biochemical characteristics of bacteria isolated from                           water in industrial waste dumpsite                                                                             23 

4.2       Morphological and biochemical characteristics of bacteria isolated from                           soil in industrial waste dump site                                                                               24 

4.3       Fungi isolated from waste water samples of industrial waste dumpsite                     25 

4.4       Fungi isolated from soil samples of industrial waste dumpsite                                    26 

4.5       Percentage frequency of occurrence of the bacteria isolated from waste water of industrial            waste dumpsite                                                                                                           27 

 

4.6       Percentage frequency of occurrence of the bacteria isolated from soil of industrial waste   dumpsite                                                                                                                     28 

4.7       Zone of Inhibition (mm) of antibiotics against on E. coli isolated from waste and soil from industrial waste dumpsites                                                                             29 

4.8       Zone of Inhibition (mm) of antibiotics against gram positive bacteria isolated from waste and soil from industrial waste dumpsites                                                        30 

Abstract

 

Industries are the major sources of pollution and dissemination of antibiotics resistance microorganisms. Hence this study was conducted to investigate the antibiotic resistance of microorganisms isolated from industrial waste dumpsites in Ibadan, Oyo state. Twelve (12) waste samples were collected, 6 from soil waste disposal site and 6 from water waste disposal sites. Isolation of bacteria was done by spread plate method. A total of thirty-five bacteria were recovered from the waste water and soil samples and characterized as Staphylococcus aureus (28.6%), Escherichia coli (25.7%), Bacillus spp. (22.9%) and Campylobacter spp (22.9%). Fungi isolated from the waste water and soil samples were candida spp. Microsporium spp. (19), Tricophyton sp. (4.8), Penicillium spp. (38.1), Aspergillus flavus (4.8), Rhizopus spp. (9.5), Aspergillus niger (9.5), Aspergillus funmigatus (4.8) Candia spp, (4.8) and Fusarium sp. (4.1). Campylobacter spp. were resistant to amoxicillin and zimacef. Human infections caused by these microorganisms may be difficult to treat with available antibiotics. 

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