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NUTRITION AND LABOUR PRODUCTIVITY IN NIGERIA

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Table of contents

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION                                                                                               1

1.1       Background to the Study                                                                                           1

1.2       Statement of the Problem                                                                                           3

1.3       Research Questions                                                                                                     5

1.4       Objectives of the Study                                                                                              6

1.5       Justification of the Study                                                                                           6

1.6       Scope and Plan of the Study                                                                                      7

1.7       Operational Definition of Terms                                                                                 7

CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW                                                                                    8

2.1       Conceptual Review                                                                                                     8

2.1.1    Nutrition                                                                                                                     8

2.1.2    The Nutrition Situation of Nigeria                                                                              9

2.1.3    Labour Productivity                                                                                                    9

2.1.4    The Measures of Productivity                                                                                     12

2.1.5    Determinants of Labour Productivity at Aggregate Economic Level                        13

2.2       Theoretical Review                                                                                                     14

2.2.1    Nutritional-Based Efficiency Wage Theory                                                               14

2.2.2    Labour Turnover Cost Theory                                                                        15

2.2.3    Shirking Theory                                                                                                          15

2.3       Empirical Review                                                                                                        16

CHAPTER THREE: METHODOLOGY                                                                              25

3.1       Research Design                                                                                                         25

3.2       Theoretical Framework                                                                                               25

3.3       Model Specification                                                                                                    27

3.4       A Priori Expectations                                                                                                  27

3.5       Criteria for Decision Making                                                                                      28

3.6       Statement of Hypothesis                                                                                            28

3.7       Method of Analysis                                                                                                    28

CHAPTER FOUR: PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF DATA                               32

4.0       Introduction                                                                                                                32

4.1       Descriptive Statistics of the Variables                                                                        32

4.2       Graphical Representation of the Variables                                                                 34

4.3       Correlation Matrix                                                                                                      36

4.4       Multiple Regression Analysis                                                                                     37

CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS                       40

5.1       Summary                                                                                                                     40

5.2       Conclusion                                                                                                                  41

5.3       Recommendations                                                                                                      42

REFERENCES                                                                                                                      43

APPENDIX                                                                                                                            48


Abstract

The objective of this study investigated nutrition and labour productivity in Nigeria. The study emerged from the well founded Efficiency Wage Hypothesis which asserts that nutrition affects labour productivity in subsistence economies. It specifically analyse the trend of nutrition and labour productivity in Nigeria; and also investigate the effect of nutrition on labour productivity.

            The study covered the period of 39 years, i.e. from 1980-2018. Labour productivity was proxy with percapita while economy variables such as interest rate, exchange rate was used as determinant of nutritional status. Taking into cognizance other explanatory variables, this study utilized ordinary least square econometrics in analyzing the data generated from National Bureau of Statistics.

            Finding from the study revealed that the coefficient of nutritional status was -0.019849. This implies that a negative relationship exist between nutritional status and labour productivity. The coefficient of per capita income was 1.359230 which implies a positive relationship exist between per capita income and labour productivity. The coefficient of exchange rate was 6.92722 which implies that a positive relationship exist between exchange rate and labour productivity. The coefficient of interest rate is 6.92722. This implies that a positive relationship exist between exchange rate and labour productivity. The R2 is 0.301370 showed that the explanatory variable of the model explain 30% of changes in the dependent variable indicated that the chosen variable were weak in explaining labour productivity.

            It was however concluded that there was no significant effect of nutritional status on labour productivity because nutritional status coefficient was too weak. The results indicate the linkages between nutrition and labour productivity, and it can serve as reference points through which the government can target development policies and disburse investment funds, tactically ensuring agriculture development.

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