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TIME SERIES ANALYSIS ON THE ROAD ACCIDENT IN OYO NIGERIA FROM 2001-2017
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Table of contents
CHAPTER ONE: Introduction 1
1.1 Background of the Study 1
1.2 Statement of the Problem 4
1.3 Aim and Objectives of the Study 4
1.4 Significance of the Study 5
1.5 Scope of the Study 5
1.6 Limitation of the Study 5
1.7 Organisation of the Study 5
CHAPTER TWO: Literature Review 7
2.1 Road Traffic Accidents 7
2.2 Review on Road Accidents in Nigeria 8
2.3 Causes of Road Traffic Accidents 12
CHAPTER THREE 17
3.0 Methodology 17
3.1 Time Series Data 17
3.2 Trend, Seasonality, Cycles and Residuals 17
3.3 Stationary Processes 18
3.4 Autoregressive-Moving-Average Model 19
3.5 Autoregressive Mode 19
3.6 Moving-Average Model 20
3.6.1 Note about the Error Terms 20
3.6.2 Specification In Terms of Lag Operator 21
3.6.3 Alternative Notation 22
3.7 Fitting Models 22
3.8 Arima Processes 22
3.9 Estimation of the Autocovariance Function 23
3.10 Identification of Arima Models 24
3.11 Parameter Estimation 24
3.12 Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average (Arima). 26
3.13 Distributions of the Acf and Pacf 27
3.14 White Noise 28
3.15 The Turning Points Test 28
CHAPTER FOUR 29
4.0 Data Presentation and Analysis 29
4.1 Data 29
CHAPTER FIVE: Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation 56
5.0 Summary 56
5.2 Conclusion 57
5.3 Recommendations 57
References 58
Abstract
Road traffic fatalities are forecast to increase over the next ten years from a current level of more than 1.3 million to more than 1.9 million by 2020. The Commission for Global Road Safety believes that the urgent priority is to halt this appalling and avoid able rise in road injury and then begin to achieve year on year reductions. The world could prevent 5 million deaths and 50 million serious injuries by 2020 by dramatically scaling up investment in road safety, at global, regional and national levels. Each year nearly 1.3 million people die as a result of a road traffic collision, more than 3000 deaths each day and more than half of these people are not travelling in a car. According to John Cohen in his book, causes and prevention of road accidents “says if we had the will, we should find ways, for we cannot assume to the problem of road safety are beyond the wit of man to solve once they are identified. We do not have the will because we are not sufficiently moved by disaster on the road” (Onakomaiya, 1990).
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