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AN ASSESSMENT OF ROLES OF FOREIGN OBSERVERS IN NIGERIAN ELECTORAL CREDITABILITY
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Table of contents
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Background of the Study 1
1.2 Statement of Problem 6
1.3. Research Questions 6
1.4 Significant of the Study 6
1.5 Scope of the Study 7
1.6 Operational Definition of Terms 7
CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW 9
2.1 Theoretical Framework 9
2.1.1 Rational Choice Theory 9
2.1.2 The Obligations-Based Theory 11
2.2 Conceptual Framework 14
2.2.1 The Concepts of Election Monitoring 14
2.2.2 Reasons for International Observers' in Maintaining Election Integrity 15
2.2.3 Trends of Electoral Credibility in Nigeria 17
2.2.4 Sponsors of Foreign Observer Missions 19
2.2.5Impact of Foreign Observers on Election Credibility in Nigeria 21
2.2.6 Rules of Conduct for International Observers 24
2.2.7 Consideration to Observe an Election 26
2.2.8 Measures to Enhance Election Credibility in Nigeria 27
2.3 Empirical studies 29
2.4 Appraisal of literature review 30
CHAPTER THREE: METHODOLOGY 32
3.1 Research Design 32
3.2 Population 32
3.3 Sample and Sampling Technique 32
3.4 Instruments 33
3.5 Validity of the Instrument 33
3.6 Reliability of the Instrument 34
3.7 Method of Data Collection 34
3.8 Procedures for Data Analysis 35
CHAPTER FOUR: DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULT 36
4.1 Demographic Data Analyses 36
4.2 Analyses of Research Questions 38
4.2.1 Research Question One 38
4.2.2 Research Question Two 40
4.2.3 Research Question Three 41
4.3 Summary of Findings 43
CHAPTER FIVE: DISCUSSION, CONCLUSION
AND RECOMMENDATIONS 45
5.1 Discussion of Findings 45
5.2 Conclusion 47
5.3 Recommendations 48
REFERENCES 49
APPENDIX 51
Abstract
This study assessed the roles of foreign observers in Nigerian electoral credibility and solution strategies.
Descriptive design of survey type was adopted for this study. A sample of 250 respondents of educated adults within Ijebu North Local Government, Ogun State. A self-designed questionnaire was used to collect data from the selected respondents. The research questions were analyzed using simple percentage and with the use of statistical tools SPSS version 20.0.
Findings from the study showed that foreign observers disseminates international standards and good practices, experienced observers can detect problems or questionable activities and the example set by international observers can help develop and improve the capacity of national observation efforts are the reasons for foreign observers in Nigeria election.
Based on the findings, the study recommended as follows:
• All those caught in the act of bribery and corruption or diverting national resources for illegal campaign spending must be severely punished to deter others in future from doing the same.
• The incumbent government must guarantee the security of lives and properties across the country to make the elections safer and credible.
• INEC and policymakers should ensure that the use of card reader is constituted into law for any election and it must be followed, and they should be made effective to avoid disappointment during the elections.
• Laws should be made to denote that any party or contestant caught breaking electoral regulations should be banned from participating in politics in Nigeria.
• The civil societies and international donors should intensify socialization in local language on the evil of vote buying.
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