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ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS AS DETERMINANT OF STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT IN SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL BIOLOGY

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Table of contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title Page                                                                                                  i

Certification                                                                                               ii

Dedication                                                                                                 iii

Acknowledgement                                                                                     iv

Table of Contents                                                                                       v

Abstract                                                                                                     viii

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION                                                          1

1.1      Background to the Study                                                                  1

1.2      Statement of the Problem                                                                 4

1.3      Objectives of the Study                                                                    5

1.4      Hypotheses                                                                                      6

1.5      Significance of the Study                                                                  6

1.6      Scope of the Study                                                                           7

1.7      Definitions of Terms                                                                        7

CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW                                               8

2.1      Theoretical framework                                                                     8

2.2      Review of Related Studies                                                                12

2.2.1   Concepts of School Environmental Factors                                       12

2.2.2   Class size and Students’ Achievement                                              13

2.2.3   School Location and Students’ Achievement                                     14

2.3      Appraisal of Literature Review                                                         20

CHAPTER THREE: METHODOLOGY                                                     22

3.1      Research Design                                                                              22

3.2      Population of the Study                                                                    22

3.3      Sample and Sampling Techniques                                                     22

3.4      Research Instrument                                                                         23

3.5      Validity and Reliability of Research Instrument                                 23

3.6      Method of Data Administration                                                        24

3.7      Method of Data Analysis                                                                  25

CHAPTER FOUR: DATA PRESENTATION                                             26

4.1      Testing of Hypotheses                                                                      26

4.2      Summary of Findings                                                                       29

CHAPTER FIVE: DISCUSSION, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 30

5.1      Discussion of Findings                                                                     30

5.2      Conclusion                                                                                      32

5.3      Recommendations                                                                            33

REFERENCES                                                                                          34

APPENDIX                                                                                               40

Abstract

          This study investigated environmental factors as determinant of students’ academic achievement in Senior Secondary School Biology. The research adopted descriptive survey research type. The population for the study comprised of hundred students from five selected secondary school in Ijebu-North Local Government Area of Ogun State using purposive sampling technique to select the schools and random sampling technique to select the students that participated in the study. Biology Achievement Test was used to test the achievement of the students in Biology while students’ questionnaire was used to seek students’ opinion on environmental factors. The data was analysed using independent t-test. The findings of the study showed that there is a significant difference between class size and academic performance. It revealed that there is a significant difference between school location and students’ academic performance in Biology. It also showed that there is a significant difference conducive environment and students’ academic performance in Biology. The study therefore recommended that government, parents and other educational stakeholders should declare emergency on schools in rural area in order to make the school environment conducive for teaching and learning process. 

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