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ASSESSMENT OF THE MICROBIAL LOAD AND SPECTRUM ON SURFACE OF INDIGENOUS KITCHEN UTENSILS
Categories
Table of contents
CHAPTER ONE: Introduction 1
1.1 Background to the Study 1
1.2 Aim of the Study 3
1.3 Objectives of the Study 3
1.4 Justification of the Study 3
CHAPTER TWO: Literature Review 5
2.1 Microbial quality 5
2.2 Presence of Foodborne Pathogens in Kitchens 6
2.3 Adhesion of Foodborne Bacteria to Materials Used in Kitchens 7
2.4 Foodborne pathogenic bacteria 8
2.4.1 Salmonella spp. 8
2.4.2 Staphylococcus aureus 8
2.4.3 Escherichia coli 9
2.5 The Potential of Food-Handling Personnel to Transmit Diseases via Food. 9
2.6 Classification of Food-Handling Personnel according to the Potential Risk 10
2.7 Excretion of Pathogens 12
2.8 Transmission of pathogens - Environmental hygiene 12
CHAPTER THREE: Materials and Methods 15
3.1 Microorganisms 15
3.1.2 Media 15
3.1.3 Chemicals 15
3.1.4 Equipments 15
3.2 Methods 16
3.2.1 Sample collection 16
3.2.2 Isolation of Microorganisms 16
3.2.3 Characterization and Identification of Biochemical Characteristics 16
3.2.3.1Gram Staining 17
3.2.3.2 Lactophenol staining 17
3.2.3.3 Biochemical tests 18
CHAPTER FOUR: Results 20
CHAPTER FIVE: Discussion, Conclusion and Recommendations 34
5.1 Discussion 34
5.2 Conclusion 35
5.3 Recommendations 35
References 37
LIST OF TABLES
Table No Title Page
4.1 Microbial counts recovered from household grinding stone samples 24
4.2 Biochemical tests on isolates recovered from household grinding stone 25
samples
4.3 Microbial counts recovered from household mortar samples. 26
4.4 Biochemical Tests on isolates recovered from household mortar samples 27
4.5 Microbial counts recovered from household pestle samples. 28
4.6 Biochemical Tests on isolates recovered from pestle samples. 29
4.7 Morphological characterization of fungal isolates. 30
Abstract
With the growing concern on food safety for the consumers and professionals in food and food service industry. There is need for a study on assessment of microbial load and spectrum on surface of indigenous kitchen utensils. Therefore, this study was carried out to assess microbial load and spectrum on surface of indigenous kitchen utensils. A total number of sixty (60) samples which comprised of 20 samples for mortar, 20 samples for pestles and 20 samples for grinding stones were collected from different locations Ago-iwoye, Ogun State, Nigeria and transported to Olabisi Onabanjo University microbiology laboratory for standard microbiological examination. The identified organisms include Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiellia pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, Enterococcus feacalis, Aspegillus flavus, Apergillus niger, Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus terreus. The total viable bacteria count for pestle ranged from 3.6 x 102 to 3.6 x 103, coliform count ranged from 3.2 x 102 to 2.0 x 103. Total fungal count ranged from 4.0 x 102 to 1.6 x 103. The total viable bacteria count for mortar ranged from 1.0 x 103 to 2.0 x 103, coliform count ranged from 6.4 x 102 to 2.4 x 103, total fungal count ranged from 4.0 x 102 to 1.6 x 103. The total viable bacteria count for grinding stone ranged from 1.28 x 103 to 2.32 x 103, coliform count ranged from 1.04 x 103 to 2.0 x 103, total fungal count ranged from 7.6 x 102 to 1.6 x 103. While the practice of using mortar, pestles and grinding stones for preparing food cannot be stopped, adequate washing should be done before and after used in order to reduce contaminants.
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