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BACTERIOLOGICAL ENUMERATION OF INTESTINAL ENTEROCOCCI IN RURAL SURFACE DRINKING WATER
Categories
Table of contents
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Background to the Study 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Aim of the Study 3
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Literature Review 4
2.1 Surface water 7
2.2 Quality and monitoring of water 8
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 Materials and method 13
3.1 Study Area 13
3.2 Collection of samples 13
3.3 Physicochemical analysis of the water samples 13
3.3.1 pH test 13
3.3.2 Test for colour, tatse and odour 13
3.4 Materials Used 14
3.5 Media Used 14
3.6 Preparation of media 14
3.7 Microbiological analysis of water sample 14
3.8 Morphological Characterization 15
3.9 Biochemical test 15
3.9.1 Indole Test 15
3.9.2 Catalase Test 15
3.9.3 Citrate Utilization Test 16
3.9.4 Hydrogen Sulphide test 16
3.9.5 Sugar fermentation test 16
3.9.6 Oxidase test 16
3.9.7 Methyl Red test 17
3.9.8 Coagulase test 17
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 Results 18
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 Discussion 27
5.1 Conclusion 27
References 31
LIST OF TABLES
Table Title Page
1 The physiochemical analysis of the various streams under study. 19
2 The total microbial load count on different media 21
3 The Morphological appearance of bacteria isolated from the various
stream under study 22
4 The gram staining and biochemical test of the gram positive isolate 24
5 Percentage frequency and occurrence of the bacterial isolates obtained
from the samples 26
Abstract
Enterococci are fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) in aquatic environments for determining water quality. The aim of this study was to investigate the intestinal enterococci in rural surface drinking water in Ijebu North, Ogun State, Nigeria. Water samples were collected from three different rivers (Odo Ome, Odo Osun and Odo Ofe). Physicochemical parameters such taste, colour, temperature, pH and turbidity were carried out. The microbial and biochemical analysis were also determined using standard methods. The result of physicochemical analysis shows that the water samples were colourless, odourless, tasty and some were turbid while the temperature ranged from 270C to 300C, the pH ranged from 5.60 to 6.40. The microbial count ranged fromevealed that six bacteria generals were isolated. The organism with the highest frequency and percentage occurrence is Escherichia coli (4, 26.60%) followed by Enterococcus spp. (3, 20. 00%), Salmonella spp. (3, 20. 00%), Staphylococcus aureus (2, 13.30%), Streptococcus spp. (2, 13.30%), Klebsiella spp. (1, 6.70%) respectively. The presence of intestinal enterococci in the water could be from human and animal feaces. The assessed water samples were generally of poor quality and considered unfit for drinking. It is suggested that interventions aimed at providing drinking water for rural residents in the developing world should be balanced with ef 1.90x10-3 to 3.80x10-3 cfu/100ml. The result of the bacteria isolates rforts that promote the required hygiene behavioral change.
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