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EVALUATION OF ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES OF ACTINOMYCETES OBTAINED FROM SOIL SAMPLES

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Table of contents

 

CHAPTER ONE                                                                                                                     1 

1.1       Introduction                                                                                                                1 

1.2       Statement of the Problem                                                                                           4 

1.3       Justification of the Study                                                                                            4 

1.4       Aim of the Study                                                                                                        5 

1.5       Objectives of the Study                                                                                              5 

CHAPTER TWO: Literature Review                                                                                    6 

2.1       Actinomycetes                                                                                                                        6 

2.2       Structure of Actinomycetes                                                                                        7 

2.3       Applications of Actinomycetes Ecological Importance                                             10 

2.3.1    Human Health Importance Antibiotics                                                                       11 

2.3.2    Actinomycetes as Antifungal Bioagents                                                                    11 

CHAPTER THREE: Materials and Methods                                                                         14 

3.1       Collection of Soil samples                                                                                          14 

3.2       Materials and Apparatus                                                                                             14 

3.3       Isolation of Actinomycetes                                                                                        14 

3.4       Characterization of Actinomycetes                                                                            15 

3.4.1    Morphological Characteristics                                                                                   15 

3.4.2    Biochemical Characterization                                                                                    16 

3.6       Primary Screening                                                                                                      19 

3.7       Assessment of antimicrobial activity                                                                         19 

CHAPTER FOUR: Results                                                                                                    20 

CHAPTER FIVE                                                                                                                    28 

5.1       Discussion                                                                                                                   28 

5.2       Conclusion                                                                                                                  30 

References                                                                                                                              31 

LIST OF TABLES 

Table              Titles                                                                                                  Pages 

4.1       Total viable bacterial counts of soil samples                                                             22 

4.2       Morphological Characteristics of Actinomycetes Recovered from the Soil 

Samples                                                                                                                      23 

4.3       Biochemical Reaction of Actinomycetes Recovered from the Soil Samples               24 

4.4       Frequency of occurrence of Actinomycetes Recovered from the Soil Samples         25 

4.5       Antimicrobial susceptibility of antagonistic actinomycetes against test organisms 26 

4.6       Zone of inhibition (min) of the antibiotics against the isolated organisms                    26 

Abstract

 

Actinomycetes are a group of organisms originally considered to be intermediates between fungi and bacteria. These bacteria have been noted to serve as rich reservoirs of medicinal antibiotics and are therefore extremely relevant to scientists, pharmaceutical industries and agricultural industries. The main focus of present study was to evaluate antibacterial activities of actinomycetes obtained from soil samples using Starch Casein Agar (SCA). A total of 30 soil samples were collected from different sites of Ago-Iwoye in period of April – May 2018, out of which twenty-five actinomycetes strains belonging to two genus Actinobacteria and Streptomyces were isolated from the soil samples. The isolates were identified using standard biochemical test. The isolates were tested for antibiotic activities through the primary screening using the agar streak method. Antibiotic activity was checked against Bacillus spp, Pseudomonas spp., Salmonella spp., Staphylococcus spp. and Escherichia coli. All bacteria were resistant to the isolated actinomycetes. They were further tested against common antibiotics; Streptomycine, Septrin, Chloramphenicol, Sparfloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, Amoxicillin, Augmentin, Gentamycin, Penicillin and Tarivid. Majority of the isolates (18) were susceptible to Ofloxacin, followed by Chloramphenicol (11), Gentamycin (9), Ciprofloxacin (8), Septrin (5) and Streptomycin (3). However, all the isolates were resistant to Amoxicillin and Augmentin. Further studies can be conducted on other soil samples to verify the claim of this study that Streptomyces and Actinobacteria isolated from this study did not produce antibiotic. 

 

Keywords: Actinomycetes, Antibacteria, Antibiotics, Soil Samples. 

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