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EVALUATION OF ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES OF ACTINOMYCETES OBTAINED FROM SOIL SAMPLES
Categories
Table of contents
CHAPTER ONE 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Statement of the Problem 4
1.3 Justification of the Study 4
1.4 Aim of the Study 5
1.5 Objectives of the Study 5
CHAPTER TWO: Literature Review 6
2.1 Actinomycetes 6
2.2 Structure of Actinomycetes 7
2.3 Applications of Actinomycetes Ecological Importance 10
2.3.1 Human Health Importance Antibiotics 11
2.3.2 Actinomycetes as Antifungal Bioagents 11
CHAPTER THREE: Materials and Methods 14
3.1 Collection of Soil samples 14
3.2 Materials and Apparatus 14
3.3 Isolation of Actinomycetes 14
3.4 Characterization of Actinomycetes 15
3.4.1 Morphological Characteristics 15
3.4.2 Biochemical Characterization 16
3.6 Primary Screening 19
3.7 Assessment of antimicrobial activity 19
CHAPTER FOUR: Results 20
CHAPTER FIVE 28
5.1 Discussion 28
5.2 Conclusion 30
References 31
LIST OF TABLES
Table Titles Pages
4.1 Total viable bacterial counts of soil samples 22
4.2 Morphological Characteristics of Actinomycetes Recovered from the Soil
Samples 23
4.3 Biochemical Reaction of Actinomycetes Recovered from the Soil Samples 24
4.4 Frequency of occurrence of Actinomycetes Recovered from the Soil Samples 25
4.5 Antimicrobial susceptibility of antagonistic actinomycetes against test organisms 26
4.6 Zone of inhibition (min) of the antibiotics against the isolated organisms 26
Abstract
Actinomycetes are a group of organisms originally considered to be intermediates between fungi and bacteria. These bacteria have been noted to serve as rich reservoirs of medicinal antibiotics and are therefore extremely relevant to scientists, pharmaceutical industries and agricultural industries. The main focus of present study was to evaluate antibacterial activities of actinomycetes obtained from soil samples using Starch Casein Agar (SCA). A total of 30 soil samples were collected from different sites of Ago-Iwoye in period of April – May 2018, out of which twenty-five actinomycetes strains belonging to two genus Actinobacteria and Streptomyces were isolated from the soil samples. The isolates were identified using standard biochemical test. The isolates were tested for antibiotic activities through the primary screening using the agar streak method. Antibiotic activity was checked against Bacillus spp, Pseudomonas spp., Salmonella spp., Staphylococcus spp. and Escherichia coli. All bacteria were resistant to the isolated actinomycetes. They were further tested against common antibiotics; Streptomycine, Septrin, Chloramphenicol, Sparfloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, Amoxicillin, Augmentin, Gentamycin, Penicillin and Tarivid. Majority of the isolates (18) were susceptible to Ofloxacin, followed by Chloramphenicol (11), Gentamycin (9), Ciprofloxacin (8), Septrin (5) and Streptomycin (3). However, all the isolates were resistant to Amoxicillin and Augmentin. Further studies can be conducted on other soil samples to verify the claim of this study that Streptomyces and Actinobacteria isolated from this study did not produce antibiotic.
Keywords: Actinomycetes, Antibacteria, Antibiotics, Soil Samples.
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