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A STUDY OF SOCIAL OBLIGATION AND MUSICAL TRADITIONAL OF THE IGHELE FESTIVAL IN ESAN, EDO STATE

Table of contents

CHAPTER ONE: Introduction                                                                                              1

1.1       Background to the Study                                                                                           1

1.2       Statement of the Study                                                                                               6

1.3       Scope of the Study                                                                                                     7

1.4       Significance of the Study                                                                                           7

1.5       Objective of the Study                                                                                               8

1.6       Research Hypothesis                                                                                                   8

1.7       Theoretical Framework                                                                                               8

1.8       Research Methodology                                                                                               10

CHAPTER TWO                                                                                                                    11

2.1       Conceptualizing Music                                                                                               11

2.2       Social Role of Music                                                                                                   12

2.3       Festivals                                                                                                                      16

2.4       Social Inclusion and Festivals                                                                                     18

2.4       Dance in Nigeria                                                                                                         21

2.5       Dance Sociology: The Nigerian Experience                                                               26

CHAPTER THREE                                                                                                                31

3.1       Ighele Festival                                                                                                             31

3.2       Ighele-Oba Dance                                                                                                       32

3.3       The Ohogho dance in the Ighele-Oba festival                                                            35

3.4       Costume And Décor In Ighele Festival                                                                      37

CHAPTER FOUR                                                                                                                  40

4.0       The Ewini Music                                                                                                         40

4.1       The socio-cultural implication of the music                                                                41

4.2       Formation of the music                                                                                               41

4.3       Instruments used in performing the Music                                                                 42

4.4       Organisation of the Ewini Ensemble                                                                          50

4.5       Ewini Music in Ighele Festivals                                                                                  50

4.6       Ewini Music at the Ighele-Erhoba Ceremony                                                             52

4.7       Song and Interpretation                                                                                              53

CHAPTER FIVE: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS                                              54

5.1       Conclusion                                                                                                                  54

5.2       Recommendations                                                                                                      55

References                                                                                                                              57


Abstract

ABSTRACT

            This study examined social obligation and musical tradition of Ighele festival in Esan. It specifically explored the significance of dance in Ighele festival in Esan; examined the social obligation of Ighele festival in Eshan; and discussed the musical tradition of Ighele festival in Esan. This study was anchored on Social Exchange Theory propounded by Albert Bandura.

            This study was tailored towards the documentation of social obligation and musical tradition of dance in Ighele festival. The methodological approach was descriptive research design. The researcher used secondary data methods to address the issues in focus and an analytical approach to dance research. The secondary data collection approach included library work: journals, books, pamphlets, internet, theses and photographs of dances in the induction events.

            It was discovered that Ighele ceremonies or festivals are recognised as an essential part of the Ighele people’s culture. Apart from the entertainment value, and the fact that they provide an avenue for reminiscing about their forebears, Ighele festival also reveal some deep-rooted and salient elements with deep unavoidable theatrical implications. Furthermore, an analytical appraisal of these Igehele festivals show that apart from serving as an occasion for religious worship, the celebrants use the different Ighele rituals, music, dance and mime to solve practical problems through a rapport with the forces that control them.  A careful observation of these Ighele ceremonies reveals a glaring similarity between them and other musical forms. They have the following elements: musical performance (events), performers (participants), and an audience. 

            It was concluded that music and dance were social function of any festival. In realising this, there is need for an improved musical form based on the Nigerian local way of life, firstly, one would boldly suggest that there should be a radical departure from the known to the unknown.

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