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HEALTH STATUS, LABOUR PRODUCTIVITY ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA

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Table of contents

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION                                                                                               1

1.1       Background to the Study                                                                                           1

1.2       Statement of Problem                                                                                                 5

1.3       Research questions                                                                                                      5

1.4       Objective of the Study                                                                                               6

1.5       Research Hypotheses                                                                                                  6

1.6       Significance of the Study                                                                                           6

1.7       Scope of the Study                                                                                                     7

1.8       Operational Definition of Terms                                                                                 7

1.9       Plan for the Study                                                                                                       8

CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW                                                                                    9

2.1       Conceptual Review                                                                                                     9

2.1.1    Understanding economic growth                                                                               9

2.1.2    Defining health and health status                                                                               10

2.1.2.1 Health expenditure outcomes in Nigeria                                                                    13

2.1.3    Labour productivity                                                                                                    14

2.1.3.1 The Measures of Productivity                                                                                     17

2.1.3.2 Determinants of Labour Productivity at Aggregate Economic Level                        18

2.2       Theoretical Review                                                                                                     19

2.2.1    Grossman’s Theory of Healthcare Production                                                            19

2.2.2    Labour Turnover Cost Theory                                                                        19

2.2.3    Shirking Theory                                                                                                          20

2.3       Empirical Review                                                                                                        20

2.3.1    Health status, labour productivity and economic growth in developed countries     20

2.3.2    Health status, labour productivity and economic growth in developing countries    22

2.3.3    Health status, labour productivity and economic growth in Nigeria                          25

2.3.4    Gaps from the Literature                                                                                            32

CHAPTER THREE: METHODOLOGY                                                                              33

3.1       Theoretical Framework                                                                                               33

3.2       Model Specification                                                                                                    37

3.3       A Priori Expectations                                                                                                  37

3.4       Source of Data/Nature                                                                                                            38

3.5       Method of Data Analysis                                                                                           38

CHAPTER FOUR: DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION 39

4.1       Descriptive Statistics of the Variables                                                                        39

4.2       Multiple Regression Analysis                                                                         40

4.3       Discussion of Findings                                                                                               44

CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS                       46

5.1       Summary                                                                                                                     46

5.2       Conclusion                                                                                                                  46

5.3       Recommendations                                                                                                      47

References                                                                                                                              48

Appendix                                                                                                                                55


         

Abstract

   The objective of this study investigated nutrition and labour productivity in Nigeria. The study emerged from the well founded Efficiency Wage Hypothesis which asserts that nutrition affects labour productivity in subsistence economies. It specifically analyse the trend of nutrition and labour productivity in Nigeria; and also investigate the effect of nutrition on labour productivity.

            The study covered the period of 39 years, i.e. from 1980-2018. Labour productivity was proxy with percapita while economy variables such as interest rate, exchange rate was used as determinant of nutritional status. Taking into cognizance other explanatory variables, this study utilized ordinary least square econometrics in analyzing the data generated from National Bureau of Statistics.

            Finding from the study revealed that the coefficient of nutritional status was -0.019849. This implies that a negative relationship exist between nutritional status and labour productivity. The coefficient of per capita income was 1.359230 which implies a positive relationship exist between per capita income and labour productivity. The coefficient of exchange rate was 6.92722 which implies that a positive relationship exist between exchange rate and labour productivity. The coefficient of interest rate is 6.92722. This implies that a positive relationship exist between exchange rate and labour productivity. The R2 is 0.301370 showed that the explanatory variable of the model explain 30% of changes in the dependent variable indicated that the chosen variable were weak in explaining labour productivity.

            It was however concluded that there was no significant effect of nutritional status on labour productivity because nutritional status coefficient was too weak. The results indicate the linkages between nutrition and labour productivity, and it can serve as reference points through which the government can target development policies and disburse investment funds, tactically ensuring agriculture development.

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