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MEDICINAL PLANTS AND PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF Nauclea latifolia

Table of contents

CHAPTER ONE                                                                                                1

1.1     Introduction                                                                                              1

1.2     Origin of Nauclea latifolia                                                                      3

1.3     Plant Taxonomy                                                                                       3

1.4     Traditional uses of Nauclea latifolia                                                       4

1.5     Aim of the Study                                                                                      5

CHAPTER TWO

2.0     Literature Review                                                                                    6

2.1     Defining Phytochemical                                                                          6

2.2     Medicinal Plants                                                                                      7

2.3     History of Medicinal Plants                                                                     7

2.4     General Uses of Medicinal Plants                                                            8

2.5     Active Components of Plant Extracts                                                      10

2.6     Mechanism of Action of Plant Secondary Compounds                      11

CHAPTER THREE

3.0     Materials and Methods                                                                           13

3.1     Test Plant                                                                                                 13

3.2     Plant Extraction Procedure                                                                      13

3.3     Screening for Phytochemical Components                                              13

3.3.1  Test for Tannins                                                                                       14

3.3.2  Test for Saponins                                                                                     14

3.3.3  Test for Flavonoids                                                                                  14

3.3.4 Test for Alkaloids                                                                                     14

3.3.5  Test for Steroids                                                                                       14

3.3.6  Test for Phenol                                                                                         15

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0     Results Analysis                                                                                      16

4.1     Discussion                                                                                                17

 

CHAPTER FIVE

5.0     Conclusion and Recommendations                                                          19

5.1     Conclusion                                                                                               19

5.2     Recommendation                                                                                     19

References                                                                                                          21

 

LIST OF TABLES

List              Title                                                                          Page

 4.1    Phytochemical Screening of the Leaf Extract of Nauclea 

          latifolia.                                                                                16

Abstract

Nauclea latifolia had been claimed to have antimicrobial properties by the people of local communities in Nigeria who use it to treat wound infections. This study is therefore aimed at determining the phytochemical composition of the compounds that area present in Nauclea latifolia. The leaf of Nauclea latifolia was purchased from Ijebu-ode market in Ogun State and dried in room temperature. Test of tannins, saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids and phenol was carried out in order to establish it phytochemical properties. The result of the revealed that flavonoids, phenols, saponins and steroids were all present in methanol and aqueous extracts of all the plant leaf extract. Tannins was absent in Methanol. Alkaloids was absent in Dicloromethane. Only tannins and steroids were presents in nhexane. The results have shown that the Nauclea latifolia leaf can pose a wide range of antimicrobial activity. Methanol and Aqueous seems to be the best solvent for extracting the constituents responsible for the inhibitory activity of the leaves. These phytochemical constituents of the leaf extracts might be good for the antimicrobial activity. It can be concluded that the leaves of Nauclea latifolia are important sources of important phytochemicals which are in accord with their use in ethnomedicine 

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