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MEDICINAL PLANTS AND PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF Nauclea latifolia
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Table of contents
CHAPTER ONE 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Origin of Nauclea latifolia 3
1.3 Plant Taxonomy 3
1.4 Traditional uses of Nauclea latifolia 4
1.5 Aim of the Study 5
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Literature Review 6
2.1 Defining Phytochemical 6
2.2 Medicinal Plants 7
2.3 History of Medicinal Plants 7
2.4 General Uses of Medicinal Plants 8
2.5 Active Components of Plant Extracts 10
2.6 Mechanism of Action of Plant Secondary Compounds 11
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 Materials and Methods 13
3.1 Test Plant 13
3.2 Plant Extraction Procedure 13
3.3 Screening for Phytochemical Components 13
3.3.1 Test for Tannins 14
3.3.2 Test for Saponins 14
3.3.3 Test for Flavonoids 14
3.3.4 Test for Alkaloids 14
3.3.5 Test for Steroids 14
3.3.6 Test for Phenol 15
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 Results Analysis 16
4.1 Discussion 17
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 Conclusion and Recommendations 19
5.1 Conclusion 19
5.2 Recommendation 19
References 21
LIST OF TABLES
List Title Page
4.1 Phytochemical Screening of the Leaf Extract of Nauclea
latifolia. 16
Abstract
Nauclea latifolia had been claimed to have antimicrobial properties by the people of local communities in Nigeria who use it to treat wound infections. This study is therefore aimed at determining the phytochemical composition of the compounds that area present in Nauclea latifolia. The leaf of Nauclea latifolia was purchased from Ijebu-ode market in Ogun State and dried in room temperature. Test of tannins, saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids and phenol was carried out in order to establish it phytochemical properties. The result of the revealed that flavonoids, phenols, saponins and steroids were all present in methanol and aqueous extracts of all the plant leaf extract. Tannins was absent in Methanol. Alkaloids was absent in Dicloromethane. Only tannins and steroids were presents in nhexane. The results have shown that the Nauclea latifolia leaf can pose a wide range of antimicrobial activity. Methanol and Aqueous seems to be the best solvent for extracting the constituents responsible for the inhibitory activity of the leaves. These phytochemical constituents of the leaf extracts might be good for the antimicrobial activity. It can be concluded that the leaves of Nauclea latifolia are important sources of important phytochemicals which are in accord with their use in ethnomedicine
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