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screening of cellulolytic fungi from native environment (decaying wood and compost manure)
Categories
Table of contents
Title page i
Abstract ii
Certification iii
Dedication iv
Acknowledgement v-vi
Table of content vii
CHAPTER ONE
Introduction 1 - 4
CHAPTER TWO
Literature review 5
2.1 Cellulose 5
2.1.1 History of Cellulose 5
2.1.2 Uses of Cellulose 6
2.1.3 Cellulase 7 - 8
2.2 Carboxylmethyl Cellulose (CMC) 8 - 9
2.3 Structure and composition of Cellulosic biomass 9 - 12
2.4 Ecological Aspects of Cellulose degrading communities 12 - 14
2.5 Factors responsible for Cellulose degradation 14 - 15
2.6 Cellulose degradation in compost manure 15 - 17
2.7 Cellulose degradation in decaying wood 17 - 19
2.8 Cellulose degradation in soil 20
2.9 Cellulose degradation in Rumen 21 - 22
CHAPTER THREE
Materials and methods 23
3.1 Materials 23
3.2 Collection site 23
3.3 Sample collection 23
3.4 Glassware and metal preparation 23
3.5 Preparation of Saboraud Dextrose Agar 24
3.6 Serial dilution 24
3.7 Method of isolation 24 - 25
3.8 Identification of fungi isolation 25
3.9 Detection of cellulase activity 25
3.10 Assay of Cellulase Enzymes 25 - 26
3.11 Preparation of fungi filtrate 26
CHAPTER FOUR
Results 27
List of Table
Table 1 28
Table 2 30
Table 3 31
List of Plates 28
Plate 1 28
Plate 2 28
Plate 3 29
Plate 4 30
Plate 5 31
CHAPTER FIVE
Discussion and conclusion 32 - 34
REFERENCES 35
Abstract
Cellulose is world’s most abundant organic substance and comprises a major storage form of glucose. Microbial cellulose utilization is responsible for one of the largest material flow in the biosphere. This study was carried out to isolate and identify cellulose degrading microbes from manure samples and decaying wood collected from different regions. Point 1g (0.1g) of compost manure and decaying wood from 10-3 and 10-4 serially diluted were cultured on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar enriched with 1% Carboxyl Methyl Cellulose (CMC) as a sole source of carbon. Cellulase production by fungi was measured by using enzyme assay. Four different types of cellulose degrading fungi was isolated from three different soil samples and decaying wood for cellulose degradation. A total of four isolates each of Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus funmigatus, Aspergillus flavus and Rhizopus microsporum were isolated. Rhizopus microsporum shows the highest zone of clearance in the cellulose detection medium. Clear zone around the colony was an indication of the cellulose degradation activity of the microorganisms; thus, indigenous microbes could be a potential source of cellulolytic microbes which can be explored for use in many applications.
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