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COMPARISON BETWEEN MALE AND FEMALE ACCESS TO MICROFINANCE CREDIT FACILITIES IN IJEBU-NORTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA
Categories
Table of contents
Abstract v
CHAPTER ONE: Introduction 1
1.1 Background to the Study 1
1.2 Statement of the Problem 5
1.3 Objectives of the Study 6
1.4 Research Questions 6
1.5 Justification for the Study 7
1.6 Scope of the Study 7
1.7 Limitation of the Study 7
1.8 Definition of Terms 8
CHAPTER TWO: Literature Review 9
2.1 Literature Review 9
2.2 Theoretical Framework 18
2.2.1 Social Action Theory 18
2.2.2 Social Exclusion Theory 20
2.2.3 Financial Constraint Theory and Model Generation 21
2.3 Conceptual Framework 22
2.3.1 Microfinance and Microfinance Institutions 22
2.3.2 Evolution of Microfinancing 26
2.3.3 Types and Characteristics of Microfinance Institutions 29
2.3.4 Microfinance, Poverty Reduction and Accessibility to Women 31
2.3.5 Evolution of Microfinance Institutions in Nigeria 35
2.3.6 Government Policy and Regulatory Environment of Microfinance in Nigeria 39
2.3.7 Accessibility and Availability to Credit 46
2.3.8 Gender-Specific Constraints 48
2.4 Research Hypotheses 49
CHAPTER THREE: Methodology 50
3.0 Study Area 50
3.1 Research Design 50
3.2 Population of the Study 50
3.3 Sample Size and Sampling Procedure 50
3.4 Instrumentation 51
3.5 Validity of Instrument 51
3.6 Reliability of Instrument 52
3.7 Procedure for Administration of Instrument 52
3.8 Method of Data Analysis 52
CHAPTER FOUR: Data Presentation, Interpretation and Analysis 53
4.0 Introduction 53
4.1 Analysis of Respondents’ Personal Data 54
4.2 Traders Access to Microfinance Credit Facilities in Ijebu-north Local Government Area 56
4.3 Factors that Constrain Traders from Gaining Access to Microfinance Credit 63
4.4 Test of Hypothesis 67
4.4.1 Hypothesis One 67
4.4.2 Hypothesis Two 68
4.5 Discussion of Findings 69
CHAPTER FIVE: Summary, Conclusion and Recommendations 71
5.0 Introduction 71
5.1 Summary 71
5.2 Conclusion 72
5.3 Recommendations 73
REFERENCES 74
APPENDIX: Questionnaire 80
LIST OF TABLES
Table Title Pages
4.1 Socio-Demographic Characteristics of Participants 54
4.2.1 Are you aware of credit facilities? 56
4.2.2 Have you ever borrowed or taken loan from microfinance bank? 56
4.2.3 Do you have any close relationship with the lender? 57
4.2.4 If ‘yes’, does this relationship help you to obtain loan? 57
4.2.5 What type of loan did you obtain from microfinance bank? 57
4.2.6 It is possible to obtain startup funding from microfinance banks by low income e groups 58
4.2.7 To what extent is it difficult to obtain loan from microfinance bank? 58
4.2.8 Was the loan obtained enough to start-up your business? 59
4.2.9 It is easier for any trader to obtain loan without difficulties 59
4.2.10 It is easier to obtain loans from microfinance banks if customers belong to groups, in which case, a borrower is guaranteed by the other members of the group 60
4.2.11 Do you agree that pre-borrowing training is necessary for a successful loan usage? 60
4.2.12 it is possible to obtain start-up funding from Microfinance banks by low income groups 61
4.2.13 Microfinance banks officers monitor the use of which the loans they give their customers are applied in order to avoid diversion of funds 61
4.2.14 to what extent do you believe that traders have benefited from the services of microfinance? 62
4.2.15 Do you think microfinance loan should be meant for only? 62
4.2.16 what is the least amount of loans that have been granted to you? 63
4.2.17 What is the largest amount of loan granted to you by Microfinance bank? 63
4.3.1 Protocol before access loan made it difficult for trader to access loan 64
4.3.2 High interest rate made it difficult for traders to access loan 64
4.3.3 The amount of loan given is limited and cannot be effectively used for my business purpose 65
4.3.4 The condition given to acquire the loan is too stringent 65
4.3.5 Non willingness of the bank to grant loan to women 66
4.3.6 The loans are given to those that already have capital to startup business 66
4.4.1 Gender Difference of traders access to microfinance facilities 67
4.4.2 Gender Difference of factors that constraint traders from gaining access to microfinance credit 68
Abstract
This study investigates comparison between male and female traders’ access to microfinance credit facilities in Ijebu-north Local Government Area of Ogun State, Nigeria. The study specifically examines traders’ access to microfinance credit facilities in Ijebu-north local government area. It highlights gender inequalities in traders’ access to microfinance facilities in Ijebu-north local government area and also investigate the factors that constraints traders from gaining access to microfinance credit in Ijebu-north local government area. Descriptive survey design was adopted using questionnaire as the prime instrument to generate data from a sample size of three hundred and twenty-five (325) traders. Data generated was analysed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. Results showed that traders have constraints in accessing microfinance services. It was concluded that there was gender significant difference among traders access to microfinance facilities in Ijebu-north local government area. Also, there is no gender significant difference among traders on factors that constraint traders from gaining access to microfinance facilities in Ijebu-north local government area. Among other recommendation is Microfinance Institutions should design appropriate procedures that are flexible enough to meet the requirement of traders that intend to loan credit.
Keywords: Gender, Credit Facilities, Microfinance.
Word count: 187
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