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Escherichia coli FROM HOSPITAL SINKS AND THEIR SUSCEPTIBILITY TO ANTIBIOTICS
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Table of contents
CHAPTER ONE: Introduction 1
1.1 Background to the Study 1
1.2 Aim and Objectives of the Study 3
1.2.1 Aim 3
1.2.2 Objectives 3
CHAPTER TWO: Literature Review 4
2.1 Microbiology of Escherichia coli 4
2.2 Health Care Associated Infections 5
2.3 Studies on Susceptibility/Resistance Profile of Escherichia coli Isolated from
Hospital Surface and Environment 6
CHAPTER THREE: Materials and Methods 14
3.1 Collection of Samples 14
3.2 Sterilization of Glasswares 14
3.3 Media Preparation 14
3.4 Isolation of Organisms 15
3.4.1 Culture of Sample 15
3.5 Identification of Isolates 15
3.6 Morphological and Biochemical Characterization 15
3.6.1 Gram Staining 16
3.6.2 Citrate Utilisation Test 16
3.6.3 Indole Test 17
.3.6.4 Methyl Red Test 17
3.6.5 Voges Proskauer Test 17
3.7 Antibiotics Test 17
3.8 Preparation of Inoculum 18
CHAPTER FOUR: Result 19
4.1 Total Bacterial Count of Swab Samples of Hospital Sink 19
4.2 Colonial Morphology of Bacterial Isolates on MacConkey Agar and EMB Agar
from Hospital Sink Sample 19
4.3 Biochemical Reaction of Bacteria Isolates from Hospital Sinks 22
4.4 Antibiotic Susceptibility of Escherichia coli isolates 24
CHAPTER FIVE: Discussion, Conclusion and Recommendation 27
5.1 Discussion 27
5.2 Conclusion 29
5.3 Recommendations 30
References 31
Appendices 35
LIST OF TABLES
TABLE TITLE PAGES
4.1 Total Bacterial Count of Swab Samples of Hospital Sink (Cfu/ml) 20
4.2 Colonial Morphology of Bacterial Isolates on MacConkey Agar and EMB Agar
from Hospital Sink 21
4.3 Biochemical Reaction Escherichia coli Isolates from Hospital Sinks 23
4.4 Zone of Inhibition of Hospital Sinks to Antibiotics Profile of
Escherichia coli (mm) 25
Abstract
The aim of this study was to isolate Escherichia coli from hospital sinks and test for their susceptibility to antibiotics. Thirty (30) swab samples were collected from three different hospitals located Ago-Iwoye, Ogun State. The bacteria count ranged from 10 cfu to 91 cfu. A total of twenty three (23) Escherichia coli were isolated from the samples and identified based on their morphological and biochemical characteristics. Nineteen (n=19, 82.6%) of the isolates were susceptible to Ceftazdine while four (n=4, 17.4%) were resistant to Ceftazdine. All the isolates were resistant to Cefuroxime. Twenty-two (n=22, 97.7%) isolates were susceptible to Gentamycin while only one (n=1, 4.3%) was resistance to Gentamycin. Also, twenty-two (n=22, 97.7%) isolates were susceptible to Ciprofloxacin while only one (n=1, 4.3%) was resistance to Ciprofloxacin. In the same vein twenty-two (n=22, 97.7%) isolates were susceptible to Ofloxacin while only one (n=1, 4.3%) was resistance to Ofloxacin. It was revealed that all the isolates were resistant to Amoxicillin. Nineteen (n=19, 82.6%) isolates were susceptible to Nitrofurantoin while four (n=4, 17.4%) were resistant to Nitrofurantoin. The results showed that all the Escherichia coli isolates were resistant to Ampicillin. The high rate of Escherichia coli isolates in this study might be due to unhygiene practice of both patients and staff in the hospitals understudy. Periodic monitoring of antimicrobial susceptibility both in the community and hospital settings is recommended.
Keywords: Hospital sinks, Escherichia coli, Antibiotics
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