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Escherichia coli FROM HOSPITAL SINKS AND THEIR SUSCEPTIBILITY TO ANTIBIOTICS

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Table of contents

CHAPTER ONE: Introduction                                                                                              1

1.1       Background to the Study                                                                                           1

1.2       Aim and Objectives of the Study                                                                               3

1.2.1    Aim                                                                                                                             3

1.2.2    Objectives                                                                                                                   3

CHAPTER TWO: Literature Review                                                                                     4

2.1       Microbiology of Escherichia coli                                                                                4

2.2       Health Care Associated Infections                                                                             5

2.3       Studies on Susceptibility/Resistance Profile of Escherichia coli Isolated from 

            Hospital Surface and Environment                                                                             6

 

 

CHAPTER THREE: Materials and Methods                                                                         14

3.1       Collection of Samples                                                                                                 14

3.2       Sterilization of Glasswares                                                                                         14

3.3       Media Preparation                                                                                                      14

3.4       Isolation of Organisms                                                                                                15

3.4.1    Culture of Sample                                                                                                       15

3.5       Identification of Isolates                                                                                            15

3.6       Morphological and Biochemical Characterization                                                      15

3.6.1    Gram Staining                                                                                                             16

3.6.2    Citrate Utilisation Test                                                                                                16

3.6.3    Indole Test                                                                                                                  17

.3.6.4   Methyl Red Test                                                                                                         17

3.6.5    Voges Proskauer Test                                                                                                 17

3.7       Antibiotics Test                                                                                                           17

3.8       Preparation of Inoculum                                                                                            18

CHAPTER FOUR: Result                                                                                                     19

4.1       Total Bacterial Count of Swab Samples of Hospital Sink                                          19

4.2       Colonial Morphology of Bacterial Isolates on MacConkey Agar and EMB Agar 

from Hospital Sink Sample                                                                                         19

4.3       Biochemical Reaction of Bacteria Isolates from Hospital Sinks                                22

4.4       Antibiotic Susceptibility of Escherichia coli isolates                                                 24

CHAPTER FIVE: Discussion, Conclusion and Recommendation                                        27

5.1       Discussion                                                                                                                   27

5.2       Conclusion                                                                                                                  29

5.3       Recommendations                                                                                                      30

References                                                                                                                              31

Appendices                                                                                                                             35



 

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE          TITLE                                                                                                PAGES

4.1       Total Bacterial Count of Swab Samples of Hospital Sink (Cfu/ml)                           20

4.2       Colonial Morphology of Bacterial Isolates on MacConkey Agar and EMB Agar 

from Hospital Sink                                                                                                      21

4.3       Biochemical Reaction Escherichia coli Isolates from Hospital Sinks            23

4.4       Zone of Inhibition of Hospital Sinks to Antibiotics Profile of 

Escherichia coli (mm)                                                                                                 25

Abstract

The aim of this study was to isolate Escherichia coli from hospital sinks and test for their susceptibility to antibiotics. Thirty (30) swab samples were collected from three different hospitals located Ago-Iwoye, Ogun State. The bacteria count ranged from 10 cfu to 91 cfu. A total of twenty three (23) Escherichia coli were isolated from the samples and identified based on their morphological and biochemical characteristics. Nineteen (n=19, 82.6%) of the isolates were susceptible to Ceftazdine while four (n=4, 17.4%) were resistant to Ceftazdine. All the isolates were resistant to Cefuroxime. Twenty-two (n=22, 97.7%) isolates were susceptible to Gentamycin while only one (n=1, 4.3%) was resistance to Gentamycin. Also, twenty-two (n=22, 97.7%) isolates were susceptible to Ciprofloxacin while only one (n=1, 4.3%) was resistance to Ciprofloxacin. In the same vein twenty-two (n=22, 97.7%) isolates were susceptible to Ofloxacin while only one (n=1, 4.3%) was resistance to Ofloxacin. It was revealed that all the isolates were resistant to Amoxicillin. Nineteen (n=19, 82.6%) isolates were susceptible to Nitrofurantoin while four (n=4, 17.4%) were resistant to Nitrofurantoin. The results showed that all the Escherichia coli isolates were resistant to Ampicillin. The high rate of Escherichia coli isolates in this study might be due to unhygiene practice of both patients and staff in the hospitals understudy. Periodic monitoring of antimicrobial susceptibility both in the community and hospital settings is recommended.

Keywords: Hospital sinks, Escherichia coli, Antibiotics

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