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LANGUAGE VARIATION AND GENDER DISCOURSE AMONG ENGLISH LANGUAGE STUDENTS IN OLABISI ONABANJO UNIVERSITY
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Table of contents
CHAPTER ONE: General Introduction 1
1.1 Background to the Study 1
1.2 Statement of the Problem 5
1.3 Aim and Objectives of the Study 6
1.4 Research Questions 6
1.5 Scope of the Study 6
1.6 Significance of the Study 7
1.7 Methodology 7
1.7.1 Population of the Study 7
1.7.2 Sample size and Sampling Techniques 7
1.7.3 Research Instrument 7
1.7.4 Validity and Reliability of Instrument 8
1.7.5 Data collection 8
1.7.6 Data Analysis 8
1.7 Operational Definition of Terms 8
CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Language and Society 10
2.2 Language Variation 10
2.3 Linguistic Variables 12
2.3.1 Social variables 13
2.4 Language and Gender 16
2.5 Gender, Language and Power 19
2.6 Reasons for Gender Differences in Language Use 21
2.7 Language and its Function 22
2.8 Theoretical Framework 23
2.8.1 Robin Lakoff’s theory of women’s register 24
2.8.2 Gender Theories: Biological Theory 25
2.8.3 Social Constructionist Theory 26
2.9 Summary 27
CHAPTER THREE: DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS
4.1 Analysis of Personal Data 29
4.2 Analysis of Questionnaire 30
4.3 Discussion of Findings 37
CHAPTER FOUR: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
4.1 Summary 40
4.2 Conclusion 41
5.3 Recommendations 41
REFERENCES 43
Abstract
This study investigated language variation and gender discourse among English language students in Olabisi Onabanjo University. The study specifically examined if there is gender based linguistic variations between male and female English language students in Olabisi Onabanjo University, examined if socialization, male dominance, social inequality and culture affect language use among sexes, investigated the factors responsible for gender difference in language usage and to know whether gender affects language use in the choice of word and speech pattern. This study adopts survey research method. The population of the study comprises 400 level students in the Department of English, Olabisi Onabanjo University. Random sampling technique was used to select one hundred (100) comprising males and females students. The data for the study were collected through questionnaire and the questionnaire were subjected to statistical analysis. Findings of the study revealed that gender is a significant factor in language variation. That is, there is difference in the way male and female students use words in conversations. While socialization was chosen as the most significant factor for their choice of word by male students, female students were influenced by female dominance. The study recommended that government and educational authority should encourage teaching of second language users patterns of variation in the pronunciation and choice of words.
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