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LANGUAGE VARIATION AND GENDER DISCOURSE AMONG ENGLISH LANGUAGE STUDENTS IN OLABISI ONABANJO UNIVERSITY

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Table of contents

CHAPTER ONE: General Introduction                                                                    1

1.1       Background to the Study                                                                               1

1.2       Statement of the Problem                                                                               5

1.3       Aim and Objectives of the Study                                                                   6          

1.4       Research Questions                                                                                         6

1.5       Scope of the Study                                                                                         6

1.6       Significance of the Study                                                                               7

1.7       Methodology                                                                                                  7

1.7.1    Population of the Study                                                                                  7

1.7.2    Sample size and Sampling Techniques                                                           7

1.7.3    Research Instrument                                                                                       7

1.7.4    Validity and Reliability of Instrument                                                           8

1.7.5    Data collection                                                                                                8

1.7.6    Data Analysis                                                                                                  8

1.7       Operational Definition of Terms                                                                     8

CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1       Language and Society                                                                                    10        

2.2       Language Variation                                                                                        10

2.3       Linguistic Variables                                                                                        12

2.3.1    Social variables                                                                                               13

2.4       Language and Gender                                                                                    16

2.5       Gender, Language and Power                                                                        19

2.6       Reasons for Gender Differences in Language Use                                        21

2.7       Language and its Function                                                                             22        

2.8       Theoretical Framework                                                                                   23

2.8.1    Robin Lakoff’s theory of women’s register                                                   24

2.8.2    Gender Theories: Biological Theory                                                               25

2.8.3    Social Constructionist Theory                                                                         26

2.9       Summary                                                                                                         27

CHAPTER THREE: DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS

4.1       Analysis of Personal Data                                                                               29

4.2       Analysis of Questionnaire                                                                               30

4.3       Discussion of Findings                                                                                   37

CHAPTER FOUR: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

4.1       Summary                                                                                                         40

4.2       Conclusion                                                                                                      41

5.3       Recommendations                                                                                          41

REFERENCES                                                                                                          43

Abstract

This study investigated language variation and gender discourse among English language students in Olabisi Onabanjo University. The study specifically examined if there is gender based linguistic variations between male and female English language students in Olabisi Onabanjo University, examined if socialization, male dominance, social inequality and culture affect language use among sexes, investigated the factors responsible for gender difference in language usage and to know whether gender affects language use in the choice of word and speech pattern. This study adopts survey research method. The population of the study comprises 400 level students in the Department of English, Olabisi Onabanjo University. Random sampling technique was used to select one hundred (100) comprising males and females students. The data for the study were collected through questionnaire and the questionnaire were subjected to statistical analysis. Findings of the study revealed that gender is a significant factor in language variation. That is, there is difference in the way male and female students use words  in conversations. While socialization was chosen as the most significant factor for their choice of word by male students, female students were influenced by female dominance. The study recommended that government and educational authority should encourage teaching of second language users patterns of variation in the pronunciation and choice of words.

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