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EXTENDED SPECTRUM BETA LACTAMASE Escherichia coli IN FAECAL SAMPLES OF CHICKEN
Categories
Table of contents
Title page i
Certification ii
Dedication iii
Acknowledgement iv-v
Table of contents vi-vii
List of tables 17-21
List of figures 18-29
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION 1-4
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.0 Escherichia coli 5
2.1 Beta Lactams 5
2.2 Beta Lactamases 6
2.3 Evolution and epidemiology of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase 7
2.3.1 INTEGRONS 8-9
Classes of Integrons
2.4 Definition and classification of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases
2.4.1 Definition 10
2.4.2 Classification 10
2.4.3 Risk factors associated with the acquisition of ESBL- producing Enterobactericeae 11
2.5 Treatment of patients infected with Enterobacteriaceae producing ESBLs (ESBLA) 11-12
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 MATERIALS AND METHODS 13
3.1 Collection and processing of specimen 13
3.2 Sterilization of materials used 13
3.3 Isolation and identification of organisms 13
3.3.1 Culture media 13
3.3.2 Media preparation 13
3.3.3 Microbiological analyses 14
3.3.4 Biochemical tests 15
3.3.4 Identification method 15
3.4 Susceptibility testing 15
3.5 Test for ESBL production 15-16
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 RESULTS 17-29
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 DISCUSSION 30-35
5.1 CONCLUSION 35
REFERENCES 36-48
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli isolates isolated from faecal samples of apparently healthy chickens in four poultry farms in Ago Iwoye Ogun State. Isolates were identified by relevant biochemical tests. The antibiotics susceptibility testing were determined for five (5) antibiotics (gentamicin, cefuroxime, erythromycin, ceftazidime and ceftriaxone). Test for ESBL production was carried out by the double disk diffusion method using amoxicillin clavulanic (30µg), ceftazidime (30µg) and cefuroxime (30µg) alone. E. coli was isolated in 8 of 60 samples examined from which they were all beta lactamase positive as they confer resistance to the antibiotics used. E. coli exhibited high resistance to cefuroxime, erythromycin, Augmentin, ceftazidime and ceftriaxone in all the isolates.98% of the isolates were susceptible to gentamicin and 45% to erythromycin as zone of inhibitions were seen and recorded. In conclusion, the study has demonstrated the presence of E.coli isolates in various faecal sample of chickens in low concentration, their antibiotic susceptibility clearly demonstrating multiple drug resistance and the prevalence of extended spectrum beta lactamase in some isolates.
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