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ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF LIPASE PRODUCING FUNGI FROM THE ATMOSPHERE
Categories
Table of contents
CHAPTER ONE 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Aim and Objective of the Study 4
1.2.1 Aim of the Study 4
1.2.2 Objectives of the Study 4
1.3 Significance of the Study 4
CHAPTER TWO 5
2.1 Lipases 5
2.2 Sources of Lipases 9
2.3 Microbial Lipases 9
2.3.1 Fungi as Source of Lipase 12
2.3.2 Lipase assay for fungal culture 13
2.4 Isolation of lipase-producing microorganisms 14
2.5 Lipases Production 15
2.6 Applications of Lipases 16
2.6.1 Food, Fat and oil Industry 17
2.6.2 Dairy Industry 18
2.6.3 Bakery Industry 19
2.6.4 Lipases in the detergents 19
2.6.5 Lipases in pulp and paper industry 20
2.6.6 Lipases in cosmetics and perfumery 20
2.6.7 Lipases in leather industry 21
2.6.8 Lipases in bioremediation 21
2.6.9 Lipases as biosensors 22
2.7 Methods for the Screening of Lipase Producing Microorganisms 20
2.7.1 Qualitative Methods 22
2.7.1.1 Gel Diffusion assay using different substrates (lipidic) 23
2.7.1.2 Gel Diffusion assay with indicator dyes 25
2.7.2 Quantitative Methods 25
2.7.2.1 Titrimetric Methods 26
2.7.2.2 Colorimetric Methods 26
2.7.2.3 Colorimetric methods using p-nitrophenyl esters 26
2.7.2.4 Radial diffusion method 27
2.7.2.5 Fluorescence assay 27
2.7.2.6 Chromatographic methods 28
CHAPTER THREE: Materials and Methods 29
3.1 Media Used 29
3.2 Collection of Samples 29
3.3 Characterization of Lipase Producing Organisms 29
3.4 Screening of lipolytic fungal species 30
CHAPTER FOUR: Results 31
CHAPTER FIVE 42
5.1 Discussion 42
5.2 Conclusion 45
References 46
LIST OF TABLES
Tables Title Pages
4.1 Lipolytic Organism from the Environment 32
4.2 Frequency and Percentage of Isolated Organisms from the Environment 41
LIST OF FIGURES
Figures Title Pages
4.1A Macroscopic Appearance of Aspergilus niger 33
4.1B Microscopic Appearance of Aspergillus niger 34
4.2A Microscopic Appearance of Aspergillus carbonarius 35
4.2B Macroscopic Appearance of Aspergillus carbonarius 36
4.3A Macroscopic Appearance of Aspergillus flavus 37
4.3B Microscopic Appearance of Aspergillus flavus 38
4.4A Macroscopic Appearance of Aspergillus viscolor 39
4.4B Microscopic Appearance of Aspergillus viscolor 40
Abstract
Lipolytic enzymes are currently attracting significant attention because of their biotechnological potential. Most of the lipases used in industry are microbial enzymes, of both fungal and bacterial origin. The present study deal with isolation and characterization of lypolytic fungi from the atmosphere. Prepared Rhodamine B and Tributyrin agar were exposed to the atmosphere in the Microbiology Laboratory of Olabisi Onabanjo University for 15 - 30 minutes. Screening of lipase producing fungi was isolated using Rodamine B and tributyrin as a substrate on agar plates. A total of nine (9) lipolytic organisms was recovered from the environment. The isolated organisms includes Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus carbonarius, Abisidia spp., Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger had the highest percentage with 4(44.5%), followed by Apsergillus flavus and Absida spp. with 2(22%) and 2(22%) respectively. The result of this study showed that lipase activity microorganisms can be isolated by exposing rhodamine B agar and tributyrine agar to the air. Lipases are ubiquitous enzymes of considerable physiological significance and industrial potential. So studies to analyze the production of the enzyme from microbial source are essential from the research, environmental and commercial point of view.
Keyword: Lipolytic fungi, Lipolytic enzymes, biotechnological potential
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