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ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF STAPHYLOCOCUS SPECIES IN MILK DRINKS MARKETED IN IJEBU ODE, OGUN STATE.

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Table of contents

CHAPTER ONE                                                                                                  1

1.1      Introduction                                                                                               1

1.2      Aim and Objective of the Study                                                                  4

1.3      Specific Objectives                                                                                    4

CHAPTER TWO: Literature Review                                                                    5

2.1      Health Benefit of Milk                                                                               6

2.2      Pasteurization                                                                                            7

2.2.1   Purpose of Pasteurization                                                                           8

2.2.2.  Methods of Pasteurization                                                                          9

2.3      Staphylococcus aureus                                                                               10

2.3.1. Virulence characteristics of S. aureus                                                           11

2.3.2. Toxins                                                                                                        12

2.4      Staphylococci and Food Poisoning                                                              13

2.5      Occurrence of Staphylococcus in Milk Products                                          15

CHAPTER THREE: Materials and Method                                                          20

3.1      Collection of Samples                                                                                20

3.2      Sterilization of Glasswares                                                                         20

3.3      Preparation of Media                                                                                  21

3.4      Isolation of Staphylococcus species                                                            21

3.5      Identification and Characterization of isolates.                                            22

3. 5.1  Gram Staining                                                                                            22

3.5.2   Catalase Test                                                                                             23

3.5.3   Coagulase Test                                                                                          24

3.5.4   Oxidase Test                                                                                              24

3.5.5   Sugar Fermentation Tests                                                                           24

3.5.6   DNASE Test                                                                                              25

CHAPTER FOUR: Results                                                                                  26

 4.1     Identification of Staphylococcus spp.                                                          26

CHAPTER FIVE: Discussion, Conclusion and Recommendations                       30

5.1      Discussion                                                                                                               30

5.2      Conclusion and Recommendations                                                             33

References                                                                                                           34

 

LIST OF TABLES

Table Title                                                                                                          Page

3.1      Code of the samples                                                                                   20

4.1      Total Viable Count of pasteurized the Milk product marketed in 

          Nigeria.                                                                                                     27

4.2      Morphological and Biochemical characterization of Staphylococcus species

          isolated from milk products                                                              28

4.3      Frequency and Percentage of Occurrence of Isolated Organisms from 

          Milk Samples                                                                                             29

Abstract

Milk is nutritious and an essential food for man as well as a good medium for microbial growth and contamination. The study was designed to determine the microbial and prevalence of Staphylococcus species in pasteurized milk drinks marketed in Ijebu- ode, Ogun state. The microbial loads in these milk drinks were determined and the isolation and identification of Staphylococcus species was done on Manitol Salt Agar using spread plate technique and the conventional biochemical methods. Five out of the nine products analyzed had bacteria growth while the remaining four had no growth. Total viable counts observed from the five products with bacterial growth ranging from 4.0 x 105 to 1.5 x106 cfu/ml with Cway milk drink having the highest microbial load. A total of five Staphylococcus species were isolated out of which three were S. aureus and two were S. epidermis. The high microbial loads and isolation of Staphylococcus spp. in these pasteurized milk drink pose a health risks to consumers.

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