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ISOLATION OF FUNGI FROM ROTTEN WHITE YAM FROM FOUR DIFFERENT MARKET IN IJEBU EAST SENATORIAL DISTRICT OF OGUN STATE
Categories
Table of contents
CHAPTER ONE 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Aim of the Study 3
1.3 Objectives of the Study 3
CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW 4
2.1 Description of Yam 4
2.2 D. rotundata 4
2.3 Distribution of Yamin Nigeria 5
2.4 Trends of Yam Production 6
2.5 Importance of Soil Fertility for Yam Production 7
2.6 Challenges of Yam Production 11
2.7 Previous Studies on Fungi Spoilage of White Yam 13
CHAPTER THREE: Materials and Method 18
3.1 Study Area 18
3.2 Sample Collection 18
3.3 Glassware and Equipment Used 18
3.4 Sterilization of Glasswares 18
3.5 Preparation of Potato Dextrose Agar (Pda) 19
3.6 Preparation of Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SAB) 19
3.7 Isolation, Culturing and Identification of Fungal Isolates from Decayed
White Yam Tubers 19
3.7.1 Isolation of Fungi Isolates 19
3.7.2 Culture 20
3.7.3 Slide Preparation 20
3.7.4 Identification of Fungi 20
CHAPTER FOUR: Results 21
CHAPTER FIVE: Discussion and Conclusion 33
5.1 Discussion 33
5.2 Conclusion 33
5.3 Recommendations 33
References 35
LIST OF TABLES
TABLE TITLE PAGES
4.1 Colony forming units/g of fungi isolated from Rotted Yam 22
4.2 Frequency Occurrence of Fungi Isolated from Rotted Yam 23
4.3 Morphology of Isolates on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SAB) 26
4.4 Morphology on Mp (Agar) used to store the fungi (mixture of Malt Agar
and Potato Dextrose Agar 27
4.5 Morphology on Yeast Malt Agar 38
LIST OF PLATES
PLATES TITLE PAGE
4.1 Isolation of Fungi from Ago-Iwoye Market Potato Dextrose Agar 1&2, Malt
Agar 1&2 29
4.2 Isolation of Fungi from New Market Potato Dextrose Agar 1&2, Malt Agar
1&2 30
4.3 Isolation of Fungi from Ijebu-Igbo Market Potato Dextrose Agar 1&2, Malt
Agar 1&2 31
4.4 Isolation of Fungi from Oke-Aje Market Potato Dextrose Agar 1&2, Malt
Agar 1&2 32
Abstract
Yam is credited with a high profile nutritional status, medicinal and industrial uses, its production and effective long term storage have continued to remain a mirage due to a myriad of constraints due to attack by storage rot pathogens such as fungi and bacteria. This study was carried out to isolate fungi from rotten Dioscorea rotundata (white yam) from four different market in Ijebu East Senatorial District of Ogun State. White yam tubers sold in four open markets were bought, examined and selected for the investigation. Poor rotted white yam tubers were identified by visual examination and by exerting slight pressure with the fingers. Unhealthy tubers with signs of decay were isolated, taken to the laboratory for fungal isolation/identification and study. The mean colony forming units/g (CFU/g) of the fungi isolated from rotted yam ranged from 14 to 305 cfu/g. The highest cfu/g of fungi were isolated from samples obtained from Ago-Iwoye Market. A total of eleven fungal species were isolated from rotten yam purchased from four open markets. The identified organisms were Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus nudulas, Rhodotorula spp., Aspergillus fumigatus, P. italicum, Aspergillus sp., Acremonium kilense, F. vetticulide, Fusarium oxyporus, Rhizopus sp., Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus sulphureus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Penicillum sp. Fungi have been reported to constitute the main spoilage microorganisms associated with post-harvest deterioration of plants and food materials. It is concluded that there is high occurrence of fungi spoilage organisms in Dioscorea rotundata and they can reduce the production and efficacies of yams.
Keywords: Dioscorea rotundata, Rotten White Yam, Fungi Orgamisms.
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