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ISOLATION OF FUNGI FROM ROTTEN WHITE YAM FROM FOUR DIFFERENT MARKET IN IJEBU EAST SENATORIAL DISTRICT OF OGUN STATE

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Table of contents

 

CHAPTER ONE                                                                                                                    1 

1.1       Introduction                                                                                                                1 

1.2       Aim of the Study                                                                                                        3 

1.3       Objectives of the Study                                                                                              3 

CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW                                                                                    4 

2.1       Description of Yam                                                                                                    4 

2.2       D. rotundata                                                                                                               

2.3       Distribution of Yamin Nigeria                                                                                    5 

2.4       Trends of Yam Production                                                                                         6 

2.5       Importance of Soil Fertility for Yam Production                                                       7 

2.6       Challenges of Yam Production                                                                                   11 

2.7       Previous Studies on Fungi Spoilage of White Yam                                                   13 

CHAPTER THREE: Materials and Method                                                                          18 

3.1       Study Area                                                                                                                  18 

3.2       Sample Collection                                                                                                       18 

3.3       Glassware and Equipment Used                                                                                 18 

3.4       Sterilization of Glasswares                                                                                         18 

3.5       Preparation of Potato Dextrose Agar (Pda)                                                                19 

3.6       Preparation of Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SAB)                                                       19 

3.7       Isolation, Culturing and Identification of Fungal Isolates from Decayed 

White Yam Tubers                                                                                                      19 

3.7.1    Isolation of Fungi Isolates                                                                                          19 

3.7.2    Culture                                                                                                                                    20 

3.7.3    Slide Preparation                                                                                                         20 

3.7.4    Identification of Fungi                                                                                               20 

CHAPTER FOUR: Results                                                                                                    21 

CHAPTER FIVE: Discussion and Conclusion                                                                      33 

5.1       Discussion                                                                                                                   33 

5.2       Conclusion                                                                                                                  33 

5.3       Recommendations                                                                                                      33 

References                                                                                                                              35 



 

LIST OF TABLES 

TABLE          TITLE                                                                                                PAGES 

4.1       Colony forming units/g of fungi isolated from Rotted Yam                                      22 

4.2       Frequency Occurrence of Fungi Isolated from Rotted Yam                                      23 

4.3       Morphology of Isolates on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SAB)                                  26 

4.4       Morphology on Mp (Agar) used to store the fungi (mixture of Malt Agar 

            and Potato Dextrose Agar                                                                                          27 

4.5       Morphology on Yeast Malt Agar                                                                                38 

 



 

LIST OF PLATES 

PLATES        TITLE                                                                                                     PAGE 

4.1       Isolation of Fungi from Ago-Iwoye Market Potato Dextrose Agar 1&2, Malt 

Agar 1&2                                                                                                                    29 

4.2       Isolation of Fungi from New Market Potato Dextrose Agar 1&2, Malt Agar 

1&2                                                                                                                             30 

4.3       Isolation of Fungi from Ijebu-Igbo Market Potato Dextrose Agar 1&2, Malt 

Agar 1&2                                                                                                                    31 

4.4       Isolation of Fungi from Oke-Aje Market Potato Dextrose Agar 1&2, Malt 

Agar 1&2                                                                                                                    32 

Abstract

 

Yam is credited with a high profile nutritional status, medicinal and industrial uses, its production and effective long term storage have continued to remain a mirage due to a myriad of constraints due to attack by storage rot pathogens such as fungi and bacteria. This study was carried out to isolate fungi from rotten Dioscorea rotundata (white yam) from four different market in Ijebu East Senatorial District of Ogun State. White yam tubers sold in four open markets were bought, examined and selected for the investigation. Poor rotted white yam tubers were identified by visual examination and by exerting slight pressure with the fingers. Unhealthy tubers with signs of decay were isolated, taken to the laboratory for fungal isolation/identification and study. The mean colony forming units/g (CFU/g) of the fungi isolated from rotted yam ranged from 14 to 305 cfu/g. The highest cfu/g of fungi were isolated from samples obtained from Ago-Iwoye Market. A total of eleven fungal species were isolated from rotten yam purchased from four open markets. The identified organisms were Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus nudulas, Rhodotorula spp., Aspergillus fumigatus, P. italicum, Aspergillus sp., Acremonium kilense, F. vetticulide, Fusarium oxyporus, Rhizopus sp., Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus sulphureus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Penicillum sp. Fungi have been reported to constitute the main spoilage microorganisms associated with post-harvest deterioration of plants and food materials. It is concluded that there is high occurrence of fungi spoilage organisms in Dioscorea rotundata and they can reduce the production and efficacies of yams. 

Keywords: Dioscorea rotundata, Rotten White Yam, Fungi Orgamisms. 

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