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MICROBIAL, PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF HAND-DUG WELL LOCATED VERY CLOSE TO SEPTIC TANK IN IJEBU-AREA, OGUN STATE
Categories
Table of contents
CHAPTER ONE 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 General Objective 4
1.3 Specific Objectives of the Study 4
CHAPTER TWO 5
2.1 Literature Review 5
2.2 Water Quality Assessment of Hand Dug Well 6
2.3 Water Quality Standard 7
2.4 Implication of Water Sanitation on Health 7
CHAPTER THREE: MATERIALS AND METHODS 9
3.1 Study Area 9
3.2 Collection of Water Samples 9
3.3 Materials and Methods 9
3.4 Sterilization of Glassware 10
3.4.1 Physical and Chemical Analysis of the Water Samples 10
3.5 Microbiological Analysis 11
3.5.1 Morphological Characteristics 12
3.6 Biochemical Tests 12
3.6.1 Microscopic Identification of Bacteria Isolates Gram Staining 12
3.6.2 Catalase Test 13
3.6.3 Oxidase Test 14
3.6.4 Citrate Utilisation Test 14
3.6.5 Urease Test 14
3.6.6 Indole Test 15
3.6.7 Methyl Red Test 15
CHAPTER FOUR: RESULTS 16
CHAPTER FIVE 22
5.1 Discussion 22
5.2 Conclusion 25
5.3 Recommendations 25
REFERENCES 27
LIST OF TABLES
Table Title page
1 Physiochemical Parameters of Hand Dug Well located very close to septic tank in Ago-iwoye 17
2 The total microbial load count of isolates from the various Hand Dug Well located very close to septic tank in Ago-iwoye 19
3 Morphological Characterization of Bacteria Isolated on Selective Agar 20
4 Biochemical Reaction of Bacterial Organisms Isolated from Hand Dug Well located very close to septic tank in Ago-iwoye 21
Abstract
Access to good quality drinking water is a challenge to the people who depend on hand-dug wells water for years as the main source of drinking water. The aim of this study was to investigate the microbial, physical and chemical parameter of hand dug well located very close to septic tanks in Ijebu-north local government area. Water samples were collected from ten different hand dug wells in ten different locations in Ijebu-North, Ogun state, Nigeria. Physical and chemical parameters such pH, temperature, turbidity, odour and colour were carried out. The microbial and biochemical analysis were also determined using standard methods. The result of physical and chemical analysis shows that the water samples were colourless, odourless and some were turbid while the temperature ranged from 26.80C to 27.90C, the pH ranged from 6.58 to 7.02. . The microbial count ranged from 1.9x10-3 to 3.8x10-3 cfu/100ml. The result of the bacteria isolates revealed that six bacteria generals were isolated, they include Pseudomonas aeruginos, Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Staphylococcus aureus, Shigella spp. and Bacillus spp. The presence of these bacteria in the water could be from human and animal feaces, most especially seepage from septic tanks. The assessed water samples were generally of poor quality and considered unfit for drinking. It is suggested that government should undertake a proper ground water exploration project in Ijebu area and provide well treated boreholes water for residents of the community.
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