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MICROBIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF WELL WATER AND SACHET WATER IN AGO-IWOYE
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Table of contents
CHAPTER ONE 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Aim of the Study 3
1.3 Objective of the Study 3
1.4 Justification of the Study 4
CHAPTER TWO: Literature Review 5
2.1 Water and Health 5
2.2 Water Quality Standards 7
2.3 Quality of Drinking Water 7
2.4 The Importance of Water Quality 8
2.5 Waterborne Pathogen and Transmission of Enteric Bacteria 10
2.6 Survival of Enteric Bacteria in Water 11
2.7 The Effects of Poor Water Quality on Humans Health 12
CHAPTER THREE: Materials and Method 14
3.1 Description of Study Area 14
3.2 Collection of Samples 14
3.3 Materials Used 14
3.4 Sterilization of Glasswares 14
3.5 Media Used 15
3.6 Media Preparation 15
3.7 PHYSIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS 15
3.8 Microbiological Analysis 16
3.8.1 Serial Dilution 16
3.8.2 Total Viable Count Determination 16
3.8.3 Total Viable Count 16
3.8.4 Isolation of Microorganisms 17
3.8.5 Identification of Bacteria Isolates: The inoculants for subsequent studies were 17
3.8.5.1 Identification and Characterization of Isolated Bacteria 17
3.8.5.2 Morphological characteristics of the colonies 17
3.8.5.3 Biochemical Characterization 17
3.8.5.4 Microscopic Identification of Bacteria 18
3.8.5.5 Catalase Test 18
3.8.5.6 Methyl Red Test 19
3.8.5.7 Oxidase Test 19
3.8.5.8 Citrate Utilization Test 19
3.8.5.9 Indole Production Test 20
3.8.5.10 Urease Test 20
CHAPTER FOUR: Results 21
CHAPTER FIVE 28
5.1 Discussion 28
5.2 Conclusion 30
5.3 Recommendations 31
REFERENCES 33
LIST OF TABLES
Table Title Page
1: Physiochemical Analysis of Samples 22
2 Total Viable Count of Microbial Isolates from the Water Samples 23
3 Total Coliform Count from Different Sources of Water Samples 24
4 Morphological Characterization of Bacteria Isolated on Selective Agar 25
5 Morphological Characterization of Bacteria Isolated on Selective Agar 26
6 Biochemical Reaction of Bacterial Organisms Isolated from the various Water Samples 27
Abstract
Unhygienic source of water can cause water borne diseases such as typhoid and paratyphoid fevers (Salmonellosis) as most of the enteric diseases are transmitted through water. Hence bacteriological qualities of samples of some sachet and well water samples were examined in Ago-Iwoye. Some physiological parameters (pH, colour, taste, turbidity, suspended solids) indicative of water quality as well as the total viable counts ad total coliform counts were examined. The pH of the samples ranged between 6.25 and 7.5, Suspended solids content ranged between 3.3 and 18.5 X 10-2. The turbidity ranged between 0.03 and 0.14 for both well and sachet water samples. Well and sachet water samples were all colourless, odourless and tasteless. The total viable counts ranged between 0.1 X 106 and 4.1 X 106 for both sachet water and well water samples. The coliform counts ranged between 0.1 X 105 and 2.7 X 105 for both sachet and well water samples. A total of six bacterial species: Staphylococcus aureus. Escherichia coli, Bacillus spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella spp.and Shigella spp., were isolated. Their distribution among the samples and the public health implication are discussed. The well and sachet water samples examined were found to fall short of the WHO recommendations for drinking water and the possible reasons and solutions were discussed.
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