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NUTRITIONAL COMPOSITION OF FERMENTED Parkia biglobosa WITH Capsicum annum AND Myrisitca fragrans

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Table of contents

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION                                                                                               1

1.1       Background to the Study                                                                                           1

1.2       Statement of the Problem                                                                                           3

1.3       Aim and Objectives of the Study                                                                               4

1.4       Justification of the Study                                                                                           4

CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW                                                                                    5

2.1       Parkia biglobosa                                                                                                         5

2.1.1    Production of Parkia biglobosa (Iru)                                                                         8

2.1.2    Nutritional Component of Parkia Biglobosa                                                              10

2.2       Capsicum Annuum                                                                                                      13

2.2.1    Economic and Medicinal Benefits of C. annuum                                                      16

2.2.2    Nutritional Benefits of C. annuum                                                                             17        

2.2.3    Phytochemical Constituents of Capsicum annuum                                                    19

2.3       Nutmeg                                                                                                                       21

2.3.1    Nutritional Benefits of Nutmeg                                                                                  24

2.3.2    Antimicrobial activities of Nutmeg                                                                            25

2.3.3    Antifungal Activity                                                                                                    26

CHAPTER THREE                                                                                                                27

3.0       Materials and Methods                                                                                               27

3.1       Study Area                                                                                                                  27

3.2       Plant Collection                                                                                                          27

3.3       Plant Identification                                                                                                     27

3.4       Sample Preparation                                                                                                     27

3.5       Processing of Parkia biglobosa                                                                                  27

3.6       Mineral Analysis                                                                                                         28

3.6.1    Metal analysis on AAS                                                                                               28

3.6.2    Potassium and Sodium analysis on Flame Photometer                                               28

3.6.3    Colorimetric Determination of Phosphate                                                                  29

3.7       Proximate Analysis                                                                                                     30        

3.7.1    Crude protein determination                                                                                       30

3.7.2    Adapted Auto-Analyzer Method for Nitrogen                                                          31

3.7.3    Determination of Ash                                                                                                 32

3.7.4    Fibre Determination                                                                                                    32

3.7.5    Nitrogen Free Extract (NFE)                                                                                      33

3.7.6    Crude Fat or Ether Extract                                                                                         33

CHAPTER FOUR: RESULTS                                                                                              35

4.1       Proximate Analysis of the Samples                                                                            35

4.2       Mineral Content of the Samples                                                                                 45

CHAPTER FIVE: Discussion and Conclusion                                                                      53

5.1       Discussion                                                                                                                   53

5.2       Conclusion                                                                                                                  54

References                                                                                                                              55

Appendix                                                                                                                                61

LIST OF TABLES

TABLES        TITLE                                                                                                PAGES

4.1       Proximate Composition of Recipes Sample                                                    37

4.2       Mineral Content (MG/KG) of the Samples                                                    46

Abstract

The investigation were carried out to evaluate the nutritional composition of fermented Parkia biglobosa in combination with Capsicum annuum and Myrisitca fragrans.

The fermented seed of Parkia biglobosa were gotten from Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria Ibadan while pepper and nutmeg were gotten from New Market Ijebu, Ogun State and identified in the Department of Soil Science, Forestry Research Institute of Nigerian, Ibadan, Nigeria. The nutmeg and pepper were washed with clean water and oven dried with fermented Parkia biglobosa at 45oC then grounded into powder and packaged ready for analysis.

From the result of proximate analysis, there were significant difference in crude protein values, crude fat values and total ash values (P˂0.05). However, there were no significant difference between Myristica fragrans and fermented Parkia biglobosa combined with Myristica fragrans crude fiber (P˃0.05) while there were significant differences in other spices (P˂0.05). Also, in moisture content values, there were no significant difference between Myristica fragrans and Capsicum annum, fermented Parkia biglobosa combined with Myristica fragrans and fermented Parkia biglobosa combined with Capsicum annum (P˃0.05) while in other spices, there were significant difference (P˂0.05). In dry matter value, there were no significant difference Myristica fragrans combined with Capsicum annum, fermented Parkia biglobosa combined with Myristica fragrans and fermented Parkia biglobosa combined Capsicum annum, (P˃0.05) while in other spices, there were significant differences (P˂0.05). Also in nitrogen free extract value, there were no significant difference in fermented Parkia biglobosa combined with Myristica fragrans and fermented Parkia biglobosa combined with Capsicum annum (P˃0.05) while in other spices, there significant difference (P˂0.05). From the result of mineral content analysis, there were significant difference in magnesium value, iron value, potassium value and phosphorus value (P˂0.05). However, there were no significant difference in fermented Parkia biglobosa combined with Myristica fragrans and fermented Parkia biglobosa combined with Capsicum annum in calcium value (P˃0.05) while in other spices, there were significant difference (P˂0.05), in sodium value there were no significant difference between fermented Parkia biglobosa combined with Myristica fragrans and fermented Parkia biglobosa combined with Capsicum annum (P˃0.05) while in other spices, there were significant difference (P˂0.05).

It showed that the recipes have the potential to offer better nutritional value. One of the major findings of this study is that there was significant differences in the proximate and mineral components of the recipes. The combined recipes had higher nutritional value than the single recipes. 

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