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PHYSIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS AND FISH SAMPLES OF OME RIVER
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Table of contents
CHAPTER ONE 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Aim and Objective of the Study 4
1.2.1 Aim of the Study 4
1.2.2 Objective of the Study 4
CHAPTER TWO: Literature Review 5
2.1 Aquaculture 5
2.2 Fish and Aquaculture 6
2.3 Growth of Fish 7
2.4 Factors affecting Fish Growth (Physical factors) 10
2.4.1 Temperature 10
2.4.2 Turbidity 10
2.4.3 Dissolved Oxygen 11
2.4.4 pH 12
2.4.5 Ammonia (NH3) 13
2.5 Physicochemical Parameters 14
2.5.1 pH 14
2.5.2 Temperature 14
2.5.3 Conductivity 15
2.5.4 Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) 15
2.6 Impact of aquaculture on environment 15
CHAPTER THREE: Materials and Methods 18
3.1 Description of the Sampling Site 18
3.2 Collection of Water samples 18
3.3 Collection of Fish Samples 18
3.4 Digestion of Samples and Analysis 19
CHAPTER FOUR: Results 20
CHAPTER FIVE: Discussion 23
References 29
LIST OF TABLE
LIST TITLE PAGE
4.1 Mean Concentration of Physicochemical Parameters in the Four Water Sampling 21
4.2 Mean Concentration of Heavy Metals in Water and Fish Samples. 22
Abstract
Physicochemical parameters and heavy metal content of the Ome River at Ago-Iwoye in Ijebu-North Local Government Area of Ogun State, Nigeria were determined using standard analytical methods. Four water sample were selected along the river. Parameters determined include chloride, conductivity, salinity, ammonium ion, turbidity, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD5) and total hard-ness as well as concentration of some heavy metals (Fe, Pb, Cd, Cu, Ni and Zn) in both water and fish samples. Concentration of heavy metals was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry while Na and K were estimated by flame photometry. The river was slightly acidic in Sample 1 (pH 6.80) and slightly alkaline in Sample 4 (pH 7.47). Turbidity ranged from 16 FTU (in Sample 4) to 22.0 FTU (in Sample 1) with a mean value of 19.250 FTU. The dissolved oxygen range of 5.16 (Sample 2) to 8.0 (Sample 4) ensures the survival of aquatic organisms. Iron was the most abundant metal both in fish (11.45 mg/kg) and water (4.85 mg/L). Cadmium had the lowest concentration in water (0.19 mg/kg) while Zn and Ni had the lowest concentrations in fish (0.18 mg/kg). Generally the heavy metals had significantly higher (p < 0.05) concentrations in fish than water.
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