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PHYTOCHEMICAL OF ANTHOCLEISTA DJALONENSIS (Auguste Chevalier) ETHYL ACETATE EXTRACT
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Table of contents
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Background of Study 1
1.2 Justification 3
1.3 Aims of Research 4
1.4 Objectives 4
CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW 5
2.1 Phytochemistry 5
2.1.1 Alkaloids 5
2.1.2 Glycosides 6
2.1.3 Polyphenols 7
2.1.4 Terpenes 8
2.2 Techniques 8
2.3 Phytochemicals 9
2.4 Anthocleista 9
2.4.1 Taxonomoic Classification Of Anthocleista 12
2.4.2 The Classification, Botanical Description and Distribution of Anthocleista 13
2.4.3 Ethnomedicinal Uses of Anthocleista 14
2.4.4 Chemical Constituents of Anthocleista 15
2.5 Pharmacological activities of Anthocleista 16
2.5.1 Antidiabetic activity 16
2.5.2 Antiplasmodial activity 16
2.5.3 Antimicrobial activity 17
2.5.4 Anthocleista djalonensis 17
2.5.5 Taxonomic classification of Anthocleista djalonensis 19
2.5.6 Botanical description 20
2.5.7 Ecology 20
2.5.8 Growth and development 21
2.5.9 Harvesting 21
2.5.10 Genetic resource and breeding 21
2.5.11 Uses of Anthocleista djalonensis 21
CHAPTER THREE: MATERIALS AND METHODS 23
3.1 Experimental Plants 23
3.2 Apparatus Used. 23
3.3 Reagent Used 23
3.4 Collection, Identification and Drying Of Plant Material 23
3.5 Extraction of Plant Material. 24
3.6 Phytochemical Analysis 24
3.6.1 Test for Saponins 24
3.6.2 Test for Phytosterols 25
3.6.3 Test for Flavonoids 25
3.6.4 Test for Terpenoids 25
3.6.5 Test for Tanins 25
3.6.6 Test for Glycosides 25
3.6.7 Test for Alkaloids 26
CHAPTER FOUR: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 27 4.1 Discussion 27
4.2 Results 29
CHAPTER FIVE: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 31
5.1 Conclusion 31
5.2 Recommendation 31
REFERENCES 32
LIST OF TABLES
Table Page
4.2.1 Qualitative analysis 29
4.2.2 Quantitative analysis 30
Abstract
Medicinal plants have been used in healthcare since time immemorial. Studies have been carried out globally to verify their efficacy and some of the findings led to the production of plant-based medicines. It plays vital roles in disease prevention and their promotion and use fit into all existing prevention strategies. Anthocleista djalonensis contain phytochemical constituent which play an important role as an anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory agent. The aim of this study is to ascertain the phytochemical constituents which are responsible for the medicinal values present.
The sample (Anthocleista djalonensis) was collected on the 15th August, 2019, the plant was identified, authenticated, dried (air-dried) and weighed at about 310 g. Anthocleista djalonensis was poured in a round bottom flask, and 4200 mL of the solvent (ethyl acetate) was added. This was macerated for 3 days at room temperature. The fraction was filtered and concentrated using a rotary evaporator and kept in a dessicator. The extract was subjected to phytochemical screening using standard procedures and the data was subjected to descriptive statistics.
The qualitative extract of Anthocleista djalonensis shows the presence of Cardiac glycosides, Phenolic compounds and Steroids and the quantitative extract of Anthocleista djalonensis in mg/100 g shows the presence of Steroids in mg/100 g (33.36 and 33.61) and Cardiac glycoside in mg/100 g (33.99 and 34.48).
The conclusion of this study reviewed that Anthocleista djalonensis contain anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory constituents which are of useful medical values to the society.
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