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METHODS FOR THE PURIFICATION OF WATER AND EVALUATION OF QUALITY FOR DOMESTIC AND INDUSTRIAL USE
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Table of contents
CHAPTER ONE 1
1.1 Introduction 1
CHAPTER TWO 5
2.1 Water Quality Parameters 5
2.1.1 Physical parameters 5
2.1.1.1 Turbidity 5
2.1.1.2 Colour 6
2.1.1.3 Taste and Odour 7
2.1.2 Chemical Parameters 7
2.1.2.1 PH value 7
2.1.3 Biological Parameters 8
2.2 Microbiological Quality of Drinking Water 8
2.3 Microbiological Drinking Water Guidelines 9
2.4 The Importance of Water Quality 11
2.5 Water for the Environment 12
CHAPTER THREE 15
3.0 Methods for Purification of Water 15
3.1 Adsorbents 15
3.1.1 Diatomaceous earth or diatomite 16
3.1.2 Zeolites 16
3.1.3 Activated carbon 17
3.1.4 Activated alumina 18
3.1.5 Granulated Ferric Hydroxide (GFH) 18
3.1.6 Ceramics Water Filtration 19
3.2 Filtration Techniques 20
3.2.1 Membrane Filtration 20
3.2.1.1 Microfiltration 22
3.2.1.2 Ultrafiltration 22
3.2.1.3 Nanofiltration 23
3.2.1.4 Reverse Osmosis (RO) 23
3.2.2 Biosand Filtration (BSF) 24
3.3 Disinfection 25
3.3.1 Solar disinfection (SoDis) 26
3.3.2 Chemicals 27
3.2.3 Ultraviolet (UV) Radiation 28
3.2.4 Sonication 28
3.3 Electro Chemical Techniques 29
3.3.1 Electrocoagulation 29
3.3.2 Electro Dialysis (ED) 30
3.3.3 Electro Floatation (EF) 30
3.4 Herbal Disinfection of Water 30
3.5 Role of Plant in Water Purification 31
3.5.1 Macrophytic technique 32
3.6 Nanotechnology and Water Purification 33
CHAPTER FOUR 35
4.1 Basic Principles of Safe Water for Domestic and Industries 35
4.1.2 Water Regulations and Act 35
4.2 Water Quality Standards for Domestic and Industrial uses 37
4.3 Water Quality Index for Domestic and Industrial use 38
CHAPTER FIVE: CONCLUSION 41
REFERENCES 42
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