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MICROBIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF DRINKING WATER IN VILLAGES AROUND OLABISI ONABANJO UNIVERSITY AGO-IWOYE PERMANENT SITE
Categories
Table of contents
CHAPTER ONE 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Statement of the Problem 4
1.3 Justification of the Study 4
1.4 Aim of the Study 5
1.5 Objective of the Study 5
CHAPTER TWO: Literature Review 6
2.1 Water and Health 6
2.2 Water Quality Parameters 8
2.2.1 Physical parameters 8
2.2.2 Chemical Parameters 11
2.2.3 Biological Parameters 12
2.3 Microbiological Aspect of Water 12
2.4 Microbial Quality 14
2.5 Water Quality Standards 17
2.6 Quality of Drinking Water 17
2.7 The Importance of Water Quality 18
2.8 Waterborne Pathogen and Transmission of Enteric Bacteria 20
2.9 Survival of Enteric Bacteria in Water 21
2.10 The Effects of Poor Water Quality on Humans Health 22
CHAPTER THREE: Materials and Method 24
3.1 Description of Study Area 24
3.2 Collection of Samples 24
3.3 Materials Used 24
3.4 Sterilization of Glasswares 25
3.5 Media Used 25
3.6 Media Preparation 25
3.7 Physical and Chemical Analysis of the Water Samples 25
3.8 Total coliform count (TCC) 26
3.9 Total Viable Count Determination 27
3.10 Feacal Coliform Count 27
3.11 Microbiological Analysis 28
3.11.1 Cultural Techniques 28
3.11.2 Morphological Characteristics 28
3.11.3 Biochemical Characterization 29
CHAPTER FOUR: Results 33
4.1 Physical and Chemical Parameters of Drinking Water Samples 33
4.2 Total Viable Count of Sampled Water 33
4.3 Total Coliform Count of Drinking Water Samples 33
4.4 Total Feacal Count of Drinking Water Samples 34
4.5 Salmonella Shigella Count of Drinking Water Samples 34
4.6 Morphological Characteristics of Bacteria Isolates 38
4.7 Morphological Characteristics of Fungi Isolates 38
4.8 Identification of Bacteria Isolates Recovered from Drinking Water Samples 41
4.9 Percentage Occurrence of Bacteria Isolates 43
CHAPTER FIVE 46
5.1 Discussion 46
5.2 Conclusion 50
5.3 Recommendations 51
References 52
LIST OF TABLES
Table Title Pages
4.1 Sample Code and Location of Water Sample Collected 35
4.2 Physiochemical Analysis of Drinking Water Samples 36
4.3 Microbial Counts of Isolates from Drinking Water Samples 37
4.4 Morphological Characteristics of Bacteria Isolates Recovered from
Drinking Water Samples 39
4.5 Morphological Characteristics of Fungal Isolates Recovered from
Drinking Water 40
4.6 Biochemical Characteristics of Bacteria Isolated from Drinking Water samples in Villages around Olabisi Onabanjo Permanent Site 42
4.7 Percentage Occurrence of Bacteria Isolate Recovered from Drinking
Water Samples 44
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure Title Page
4.1 Percentage Occurrence of Bacteria Isolate Recovered from Drinking
Water Samples 45
Abstract
The usual sources of drinking water in most villages is the streams, rivers, well and if available pipe borne which are mostly untreated and associated with various health risks. This study is therefore conducted to investigate microbiological analysis of drinking water in villages around Olabisi Onabanjo University Permanent Site, Ago-iwoye. The microbial load was determined by serial dilution and pour plate techniques while the isolation and identification of bacteria were carried out using standard microbiological methods. A total of fifteen samples were collected from well water and stream water and rain water. The physical and chemical parameters of the water showed that the temperature of the water samples ranged from 20.8oC – 33.5oC while the pH ranged from 6.50 – 7.20. All the water samples were colourless and tasteless. The total viable count recorded in this study ranged from 1.02 x 103 to 8.4 x 104, total coliform count ranged from 1.13 x 103 to 9.5 x 104, total fecal count of the water sample ranged from 1.75 x 104 to 6.05 x 104 while the Salmonella Shigella Count which ranged from 1.6 x 104 to 6.1 x 104. A total of twenty-five bacteria belonging to six genera were isolated from the various water samples and they include Escherichia coli (n=5, 20%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n=5, 20%), Staphylococcus aureus (n=5, 20%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=5, 20%), Salmonella spp. (n=3, 12%) and Shigella spp. (n=2, 8%). However, five fungi isolates were presents in the drinking water and they include Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Penicillium spp, Aspergillus fumigatus and Mucor spp. The microbial analysis showed that the water sampled were contaminated and not safe for drinking. The water should be treated before consumption while protection and management of water should be put in place in order to improve the quality of water supply.
Keywords: Drinking water, Stream Water, Well Water, Bacteria, Fungi.
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