Pages
59
Words
11,257
Chapters
5
Payment Methods
NOTE: It's highly recommended to before making a purchase to enjoy the benefits as a registered user.
MICROBIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF BOREHOLE WATER IN PERMANENT SITE, OLABISI ONABANJO UNIVERSITY AGO-IWOYE AND THEIR ANTIBIOTICS RESISTANCE PROFILE
Categories
Table of contents
CHAPTER ONE 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Statement of the Problem 4
1.3 Justification of the Study 4
1.4 Aim of the Study 5
1.5 Objectives of the Study 5
CHAPTER TWO: Literature Review 6
2.1 Microbiological Quality of Drinking Water 6
2.2 Ground Water Contamination 8
2.3 Waterborne Infections 10
2.4 Antibiotic resistance 12
2.5 Antibiotic resistance in Enteropathogenic bacteria 15
2.5.1 Salmonella typhi 15
2.5.2 Shigella sp. 15
2.5.3 Pseudomonas aeruginosa 16
2.5.4 Escherichia coli 17
2.6 Water treatment 17
CHAPTER THREE: Materials and Methods 20
3.1 Study Area 20
3.2 Collection of Water Samples 20
3.3 Materials Used 20
3.4 Media Used 21
3.5 Sterilization of Glassware 21
3.6 Physical and Chemical Analysis of the Water Samples 21
3.7 Total coliform count (TCC) 22
3.8 Total Viable Count Determination 22
3.9 Feacal Coliform Count 23
3.10 Microbiological Analysis 23
3.10.1 Cultural Techniques 23
3.10.2 Morphological Characteristics 24
3.10.3 Biochemical Tests 25
3.11 Antibiotic Susceptibility Test 28
3.11.1 Preparation of Inoculum 28
CHAPTER FOUR: Results 30
4.1 Physiochemical Analysis of Borehole Water Samples 30
4.2 Bacteriological Analysis of the Isolates from Borehole Water Samples 30
4.3 Identification of Isolates from Borehole Water Samples 34
4.4 Antimicrobial susceptibility testing 40
CHAPTER FIVE 42
5.1 Discussion 42
5.2 Conclusion 46
5.3 Recommendations 47
References 48
LIST OF TABLES
Table Title Pages
4.1 Physiochemical Analysis of Drinking Water Samples 32
4.2 Microbial Counts of Isolates in Borehole Water Samples 33
4.3 Colonial Morphology of Bacteria Isolates Recovered from Borehole
Water Samples 36
4.4 Colonial Morphology of Fungi Isolates Recovered from Borehole Water 37
4.5 Biochemical Characteristics of Isolates Recovered from Borehole Water Samples 38
4.6 Zone of Inhibition of Bacterial Isolates from Borehole Water Samples 41
Abstract
Borehole water is generally considered a safe source of drinking water because it is abstracted with low microbial load with little need for treatment before drinking. However, borehole resources are commonly vulnerable to pollution, which may degrade their quality. An assessment of microbial qualities of borehole water in Olabisi Onabanjo University Permanent Site was carried out. The bacteria isolation was performed using standard culture methods were used for bacteria isolation. The pH value of the borehole water samples ranged from 6.4 – 7.3 while the temperature ranged from 22oC – 28oC. All the borehole water samples collected were colourless and tasteless. The total viable count ranged from 2.35 x 101 to 1.12 x 102 while the total coliform count ranged from 1.80 x 101 to 1.52 x 102. Total feacal count ranged from 2.3 x 101 to 1.36 x 102 while Salmonella shigella count ranged from 3.60 x 101 to 1.09 x 102. A total number of forty (40) bacteria isolates belonging to seven genera were isolated in this study. They were Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella spp., Shigella spp. Klebsiella pneumoniae and Bacillus spp. Escherichia coli has the highest percentage occurrence with 9 (22.5%), followed by Salmonella spp. 6 (15%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 6 (15%), Shigella spp. 6(15%), Staphylococcus aureus 5 (12.5%), Klebsiella pneumoniae 4 (10%) and Bacillus spp. 4 (10%). The fungi isolated in this study were Aspergillus niger, Mucor spp., Penicillum spp., Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium oxysporum. The antimicrobial susceptibility test showed that ciprofloxacin was susceptible on all the isolates except Klebsiella pneumoniae, augumentin was moderate on all the isolates except Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa which were resistant. Staphyloccocus aureus was resistant to Gentamycin while only Escherichia coli was susceptible to Streptomycin. Chloramphenicol was susceptible on Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., and Bacillus spp. while Staphylococcus resist chloramphenicol. All the isolates were susceptible to Amoxicillin except Shigella spp. and Bacillus spp. which were moderate. Four isolates were resistance to erythromycin while the reaming four were moderate. Introduction of easy-to-handle water treatment techniques is needed to ensure drastic reduction in the magnitude of occurrence of faecal coliforms and enteric pathogens in borehole water.
Please Note:
We represent an esteemed online resource center duly registered with the Corporate Affairs Commission (CAC). Our commitment to integrity and reliability underscores our ethos, ensuring that our services are delivered with utmost trustworthiness. It is our solemn assurance that we conduct our operations with the highest ethical standards, thereby precluding any possibility of deception or fraudulent activities. Guided by our reverence for ethical conduct, we pledge to uphold the principles of honesty and transparency in all our dealings. Rest assured, upon confirmation of your payment, our dedicated team endeavors to promptly furnish you with the requisite project materials within a timeframe of 30 minutes.
We further emphasize that the materials provided are intended for reference purposes, and it is incumbent upon the buyer to adapt and tailor the content to meet their specific requirements. It is imperative to exercise due diligence in ensuring that any utilization of the project or research content is in accordance with academic integrity standards, thus mitigating the risk of plagiarism
Projects are sent in MS word format within 30 minutes - 60 minutes of payment confirmation. For questions and complaints call or WhatsApp: +2348062235854 or +2348166784138
NOTE: By ordering for this material, you have read and agreed with our Terms of use
Payment Methods
NOTE: It's highly recommended to before making a purchase to enjoy the benefits as a registered user.
Feature Project Topics
-
COMPARATIVE MICROBIAL ANALYSIS OF CEMENTED AND TILED BATHROOM OF STUDENT’S HOSTEL IN IJEBU-NORTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA
Microbiology47
11,278
5
-
EXAMINATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES OF METABOLITE FROM SELECTED ENDOPHYTES OF ANACARDIUM OCCIDENTALE
Microbiology45
9,121
5
-
A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF SUICIDE AND THE IDEA OF RIGHT
Philosophy47
12,257
4
-
THE IMPACT OF INTERNAL AUDIT ON THE EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINISTRATION
Accounting and Banking & Finance58
11,529
5
-
ETHICS AND MORALITY IN FILM: A CASE STUDY OF TUNDE KELANI MAAMI
Theater and Performing Arts30
7,382
5