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MICROBIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF READY TO EAT FOOD SNACKS PRODUCED FROM YAM AND POTATO
Categories
Table of contents
Chapter One
Introduction 1
1.0 Background to the Study 1-3
1.1 Aim and Objectives 4
1.2 Justification 4-5
Chapter Two
Literature Review 6
2.1 Yam and its origin 6
2.1.2 Morphology of Yam 6-7
2.1.3 Yam structure 7-8
2.1.4 Yam storage 8
2.1.5 Chemical and Nutritional Composition of Yams 8-9
2.2 Sweet Potato 9
2.2.1 Crop Uses 10
2.2.2 Crop Description 11-12
2.3 Diseases and Pest 12-14
2.3.1 Virus Diseases 15-16
2.3.2 Nematodes 16
2.3.3 Insects 16-18
2.4 Harvesting, Curing and Storage 18
2.4.1 Harvesting 18-19
2.4.2 Curing and Storage 19-20
2.5 Potato Chemical Composition 20-21
2.6 Specific Gravity and Dry Matter 21-23
2.7 Yam and Potato chip frying 23-24
2.8 Yam and Potato Frying Temperature and Time 24
Chapter Three
Material and Methods 25
3.1 Collection of Samples
3.2 Sterilization of Apparatus
3.3 pH Determination
3.4 Media
3.5 Serial dilution
3.6 Isolation of Microbes
3.7 Purification of the Isolates
3.8 Identification of Isolates
3.9 Biochemical Reaction
Chapter Four
Results 28
4.1 Isolates from the Samples 28
Chapter Five
Discussion and Conclusion 34
5.1. Discussion 34-35
5.2 Recommendation 35
References 36-46
LIST OF TABLES
Table 2.1: Chemical composition of potato tubers (Leszcyftski, 1989) 21
Table 4.1: Determination of PH Level 31
Table 4.2: Microbial Load of Fried Yam and Fried Potato Samples 32
Table 4.3: Microorganisms isolated from Fried Yam and
Fried Potato Samples 33-34
Table 4.4: Colonial morphology and microscopic features of fungi isolated 35
Table 4.5: Morphological and biochemical characteristics of
bacteria isolate 36
Table 4.6: Percentage of occurrence of bacteria 37
Table 4.7: Percentage of occurrence of fungi 38
Abstract
Ready to eat local fried yam and potato snack is prepared with yam and potato, seasoned with pepper and salt. It is mostly taken by large numbers of itinerary workers and students in the environment. Ten samples each of fried yam and fried potato were purchased from ten different retailers in Ijebu-North Local Government Area in Ogun State. Each sample was analyzed to determine the pH and microbial quality. Decimal serial dilutions were prepared and then plated on nutrient agar, Mac Conkey agar and potato dextrose agar.
The pH range of fried yam and fried potato were 6.0 - 6.5 and 6.0 – 6.8 respectively. Seven microorganisms were recovered from the samples namely: Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Aspergillus sp., Fusarium sp., Rhizhopus sp., and Candida sp. The bacterial counts ranged between 1.2 x 104 and 3.41 x 106 while the fungi counts ranged between 1 X 104 and 2.1 x 105. Due to high level of microbial load and popularity of the snack with itinerary workers and students, there is need to proper handling of the snack with good hygiene.
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