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PHYTOCHEMICAL OF ANTHOCLEISTA DJALONESIS (Auguste Chevalier) METHANOL EXTRACT

Table of contents

CHAPTER ONE                                                                                                                  1

 1.1      Background of the Study                                                                                           1

1.2       Justification of the Study                                                                                           3

1.3       Aim and Objective of the Study                                                                                3

1.4       Objectives                                                                                                                   4

CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW                                                                  5

2.0       Anthocleista                                                                                                                 5

2.1       Anthocleista Djalonesis                                                                                               6

2.1.1    Plant Description                                                                                                        6

2.1.2    General Uses of Anthocleista Djalonesis                                                                    7

2.1.3   Medical Uses of Anthocleista Djalonesis                                                                    8

2.2       Phytochemistry of Anthocleista Djalonesis                                                                9

2.2.1    Saponins                                                                                                                      9

CHAPTER THREE                                                                                                             14

3.1       Materials and Methods                                                                                               14

3.1.1    Collection of plants                                                                                                     14

3.1.2    Apparatus                                                                                                                    14

3.1.3    Reagents                                                                                                                     15

3.2       Phytochemical analysis                                                                                               15

3.2.1    Test for Alkaloids                                                                                                       15

3.2.2    Test for Flavonoids                                                                                                     15

3.2.3    Test for Saponin                                                                                                          15

3.2.4    Test for Tannis                                                                                                            16

3.2.5    Test for Glycosides                                                                                                     16

CHAPTER FOUR: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION                                                       17

Discussion                                                                                                                               17

CHAPTER FIVE                                                                                                                 20

 5.1      Conclusion                                                                                                                  20

5.2       Recommendation                                                                                                        20

References                                                                                                                              21

LIST OF TABLES

Table  Title                                                                                                                Pages

4.2.1    Qualitative analysis                                                                                         18

4.2.2    Quantitative analysis                                                                                       19

Abstract

The genus Anthocleista of the Gentianaceae family contains 14 species of trees and shrub-like Plants distributed in tropical Africa. Customarily, they are commonly used in the treatment of diabetes, hypertension, malaria, typhoid fever, obesity, diarrhea, dysentery, abdominal pain, ulcer, jaundice, asthma, hemorrhoids, hernia, cancer, wounds, chest pains, inflammations, rheumatism, STDs, infertility and skin diseases. They serve as an anthelmintic, laxative, diuretic and contraceptive.

Anthocleista djalonesis was collected, rinsed and shade dried; 500 g of plant was weighed and soaked in 6000 mL of methanol. After 72 hours, the soaked plant was filtered, distilled and plant extract was gotten. Phytochemical screening was carried out on plant extract to identify phytochemical constituents (tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins,phenols.)

The Qualitative extract of Anthocleista djalonesis shows the presence of Tannin, Flavonoids, Saponin, Steroid, Reducing Sugar, Phenol and Cardiac Glycosides while Quantitative extract of Anthocleista djalonesis in mg/100 g shows the presence of Tannin in mg/100 g (13.97 and 14.20), Flavonoids in mg/100 g (19.53 and 20.53), Saponin in mg/100 g (25.89 and 25.49), Steroid in mg/100 g (27.84 and 28.09), Reducing Sugar in mg/100 g (29.77 and 29.55) Phenol in mg/100 g (23.26 and 23.65) and Cardiac Glycoside in mg/100 g(33.74 and 34.48).

 Anthocleista djalonesis (metanol extract) has potent antifungal, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer agents which are effective for medicinal purposes.

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