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TELEVISION ADVERTISEMENT AS AGENT OF POLITICAL PROPAGANDA

Table of contents

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION                                                             1

1.1       Background to the Study                                                                    1

1.2       Statement of the Problem                                                                   2

1.3       Objective of the Study                                                                        3

1.4       Research Questions                                                                            3

1.5       Significance of the Study                                                                   3

1.6       Scope of the Study                                                                              3

1.7       Methodology                                                                                      4          

1.8       Limitation of the Study                                                                       4

1.9       Operational Definition of Terms                                                        4

CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW                                                5

Conceptual Review                                                                                         5

2.1       A Brief Historical Background of Advertising                                  5

2.1.2    Meaning of Advertisement                                                                 5

2.2       Types of Advertising                                                                          7

2.2.1    National Advertising                                                                          7

2.2.2    Retail Advertising                                                                               7

2.3.3    Mail Order Advertisement                                                                 8

2.2.4    Travel Advertising                                                                              9

2.2.5    Government Advertising                                                                    9

2.2.6    Job (Recruitment) Advertising                                                           9

2.2.7    Classified Advertising                                                                        9

2.2.8    Public Relation of Institution Advertising                                         10

2.2.9    Business Advertising                                                                           10

2.2.10  Non Commercial Advertising                                                             10

2.2.11  Advertising Media                                                                                10

2.3       Television Advertisement                                                                     11

2.4       Political Advertising                                                                              12

2.4.1    Television Advertising and Political Campaign                                   13

2.5       Theoretical Review                                                                                13

2.5.1    Cultivation Theory                                                                                  13

2.5.2    Agenda Setting Theory                                                                           15

CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY                                         16

3.1       Introduction                                                                                            16

3.2       Research Design                                                                                     16

3.3       Population Size                                                                                       16

3.4       Sample Size                                                                                             16

3.5       Research Instrument                                                                                17

3.6       Validity and Reliability of Research Instrument                                     17

3.7       Method of Data Analysis                                                                         17 

 CHAPTER FOUR                                                                                              18

Analysis and Interpretation of Result                                                                 18

4.1       Analysis of Demographic Data                                                              18

4.2       Analysis of Section B                                                                             20

CHAPTER FIVE                                                                                                28

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION                            28

5.1       Summary                                                                                                  28

5.2       Conclusion                                                                                               29

5.3       Recommendations                                                                                    29

REFERENCES                                                                                                     31

 LIST OF TABLES

TABLE           TITLE                                                                                                PAGE

4.1.1                Gender Distribution of Respondent                                                    18

4.1.2                Age Distribution of the Respondents                                                  18

4.1.3                Academic Level Distribution of Respondents                                    19

4.1.4                Distribution of Respondents by Department                                      19

4.2.1                I have watched political advertisement on Television                        20

4.2.2                Political Advertisement can cause tension among citizen and                               political rivals                                                                                     20

4.2.3                Political Advertisement content can cause chaos among citizen 

                       and political                                                                                        21

4.2.4    .           Political advert is meant to tarnish the image of the rival group   21

4.2.5                During the last election, some the television advert content does not

                        promote unity in the country                                                              22

4.2.6                Television stations are always in support of one political

                        party than the others                                                                           22

4.2.7                Some television stations don’t encourage unity during and

                        after election.                                                                                      23

4.2.8                Some television stations are bias on transmitting political event 23

4.2.9                Television stations don’t enlighten citizen on political event               24

4.2.10              After the election, television station don’t carry citizen along   

                        with other political event                                                                    24

4.2.11              There is restriction on broadcasting of political advert                        25

4.2.12              Television station don’t adhere to restriction of political advert  25

4.2.13              Some of the advert needs to be screened before being air on television 26

4.2.14              Television station don’t act accordingly with INEC rules and

                        regulation on the broadcasting of political event.                              26

4.2.15              There should be penalty stations that do not follow

                        broadcasting regulation during and after election.                             27

Abstract

This study investigated television advertisement as agent of political propaganda. The social diffusion of electronic and digital technologies has made instantaneous communication possible, rendered many border checks and controls over information infective, and exposed an enormous consistency to diverse cultural outputs and values. From human rights to trade regimes, political power is being rearticulated and reconfigured. Many politician have taken their advertisement to television station because of the wide spread of television advertisement to the public. This had been done without restriction because of the power of politicians in country alike Nigeria. The study adopted as survey research design using questionnaire as the prime source of data. The population for the study consist of one hundred students drawn from two departments in Olabisi Onabanjo University. The study revealed that television stations adhere to rules and regulation in broadcasting of political event but some of the advertisement content needs to be screened before been aired to the public while they should be penalized if they don’t adhere to rules and regulation of broadcasting political event. It is therefore recommended that Government, INEC, NBC and other relevant bodies should enforce effective guidelines intended to promote truthful and accurate advertising sensitive to the citizen.

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